Abstract
In the last 15 years, the electrostatic separator VASSILISSA has been used for studying evaporation residues produced in the complete-fusion reactions induced by heavy ions. The decay properties and the cross sections for the formation of isotopes of elements with atomic numbers Z ≥ 82 have been studied experimentally. The obtained results, together with data from other recoil separators, were used for studying the formation regularities and the survival probabilities of excited compound nuclei.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
G. T. Seaborg, Man-made Transuranium Elements (Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New York, 1963).
G. N. Flerov and G. M. Ter-Akopian, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 19, 197–239 (1987).
G. N. Seaborg and W. D. Loveland, in Treatise on Heavy Ion Science, vol. 4 “Extreme Nuclear States,” Ed. by D. A. Bromley (Plenum Press, New York, 1985), pp. 255–330.
Yu. Ts. Oganessian, Lect. Notes Phys. 33, 221–252 (1974).
Yu. Ts. Oganessian, A. S. Iljinov, A. G. Demin, and S. P. Tretyakova, Nucl. Phys. A 239, 353–364 (1975).
G. Münzenberg, Rep. Prog. Phys. 51, 57–104 (1988).
S. Hofmann, Rep. Prog. Phys. 61, 639–689 (1998).
T. Sikkeland, A. Ghiorso, and M. J. Nurmia, Phys. Rev. 172, 1232–1238 (1968).
A. S. Iljinov, Yu. Ts. Oganesyan, and E. A. Cherepanov, Yad. Fiz. 36(1), 118–129 (1982) [Phys. At. Nucl. 36, 69 (1982)].
Yu. A. Muzychka and B. I. Pustylnik, JINR Rapid Communications 4[61]-91 (Dubna, 1991), pp. 54–59.
W. J. Swiatecki, Nucl. Phys. A 376, 275–291 (1982).
C.-C. Sahm, H.-G. Clerk, K.-H. Schmidt, W. Reisdorf, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 441, 316–343 (1985).
W. Reisdorf, F. P. Heßberger, K. D. Hildenbrand, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 444, 154–188 (1985).
J. P. Blocki, H. Feldmeier, and W. J. Swiatecki, Nucl. Phys. A 459, 145–172 (1986).
P. Fröbrich, Phys. Lett. B 215, 36–40 (1988).
V. M. Strutinsky, Nucl. Phys. 95, 420–442 (1967).
W. D. Myers and W. J. Swiatecki, Nucl. Phys. 81, 1–60 (1966).
H. Meldner, Ark. Fyz. 36, 593–598 (1967).
U. Mosel and W. Greiner, Z. Phys. A 222, 261–282 (1969).
A. Sobiczewski, Phys. Part. Nucl. 25, 295–311 (1994).
R. Smolanczuk, J. Skalski, and A. Sobiczewski, Phys. Rev. C 52, 1871–1880 (1995).
P. Möller, J. R. Nix, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 20, 1681–1747 (1994).
K. Rutz, M. Bender, T. Bürvenich, T. Schilling, et al., Phys. Rev. C 56, 238–243 (1997).
S. Ćwiok, J. Dobaczewski, F. P. Heenen, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 611, 211–246 (1996).
S. G. Nilsson, C. F. Tsang, A. Sobiczewski, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 131, 1–66 (1969).
A. V. Eremin and A. G. Popeko, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 35(4), 895 (2004) [Phys. Part. Nucl. 35, 480 (2004)].
A.V. Yeremin, A.N. Andreyev, D.D. Bogdanov, et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 274, 528 (1989).
A. V. Yeremin, A.N. Andreyev, D.D. Bogdanov, et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 350, 608 (1994).
A. V. Yeremin et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 126, 329 (1997).
O. N. Malyshev, M. L. Chelnokov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 40, 86 (2000).
A. V. Yeremin, A. V. Belozerov, M. L. Chelnokov, et al., Phys. At. Nucl. 66, 1042–1052 (2003).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., JINR Rapid Communications 2[53]-92 (Dubna, 1992), pp. 35–44.
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., Yad. Fiz. 56, 9–15 (1993) [Phys. At. Nucl 56, 1302 (1993)].
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, S. Saro, et al., Phys. Lett. B 312, 49–52 (1993).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., Phys. At. Nucl. 58, 730–736 (1995).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 583, 169c–172c (1995).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., Yad. Fiz. 52, 640–646 (1990) [Phys. At. Nucl. 52, 412 (1990)].
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 626, 857–870 (1997).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, M. Veselski, et al., JINR Rapid Communications 5[73]-95 (Dubna, 1995), pp. 57–70.
R. N. Sagaidak, A. V. Belozyorov, M. L. Chelnokov, et al., FLNR JINR Scientific report 1999–2000 (Dubna, 2001), pp. 48–50.
R. N. Sagaidak, V. I. Chepigin, A. P. Kabachenko, et al., in Proc. of VI Int. School Seminar on Heavy Ion Physics, Sept. 22–27, 1997, Dubna, Russia, Ed. by Yu. Ts. Oganessian and R. Kalpakchieva (World Scientific, Singapore, 1998).
D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Eremin, A. P. Kabachenko, et al., Yad. Fiz. 61, 808–815 (1998) [Phys. At. Nucl. 61, 727 (1998)].
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 620, 229–248 (1997).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., Yad. Fiz. 60, 5–9 (1997) [Phys. At. Nucl. 60, 1 (1997)].
D. D. Bogdanov, M. Veselski, A. V. Yeremin, et al., Yad. Fiz. 62, 1–11 (1999) [Phys. At. Nucl. 62, 1789 (1999)].
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., Yad. Fiz. 50, 619–625 (1989) [Phys. At. Nucl. 50, 381 (1989)].
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Z. Phys. A 338, 363–364 (1991).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., Yad. Fiz. 53, 895–899 (1991) [Phys. At. Nucl. 53, 554 (1991)].
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Z. Phys. A 345, 247–248 (1993).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Z. Phys. A 342, 123–124 (1992).
O. N. Malyshev, A. V. Belozerov, M. L. Chelnokov, et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 8, 295–297 (2000).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., JINR Rapid Communications 6[45]-90 (Dubna, 1990), pp. 66–69.
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Z. Phys. A 337, 231–232 (1990).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Z. Phys. A 347, 225–226 (1994).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., in Proc. of 6th Intern. Conf. on Nuclei far from Stability and 9th Intern. Conf. on Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants, Bernkastel-Kues, July 19–24, 1992, Ed. by R. Neugart and A. Wöhr (IOP Publ., London, 1992), pp. 759–761; Instr. Phys. Conf. Ser., No 132, Sect. 5, INR, Bristol and Philadelphia.
R. N. Sagaidak, V. I. Chepigin, A. P. Kabachenko, et al., J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 24, 611–625, (1998).
A. V. Belozerov, M. L. Chelnokov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 16, 447–456 (2003).
A. V. Yeremin, V. I. Chepigin, M. G. Itkis, et al., JINR Rapid Communications 6[92]-98 (Dubna, 1998), pp. 21–34.
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Z. Phys. A 345, 389–394 (1993).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Z. Phys. A 344, 225–226 (1992).
Yu. Ts. Oganessian, A. V. Yeremin, A. V. Belozerov, et al., in Proc. of Intern. Workshop “Fusion at the Extremes,” Dubna, May 25–27, 2000, Ed. by Yu. Ts. Oganessian and V. I. Zagrebaev (World Scientific, Singapore, 2001), pp. 81–92.
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., in Proc. of Int. School Seminar on Heavy Ion Physics, Dubna, Oct. 3–12, 1989 Preprint JINR D7-90-142 (Dubna, 1990), pp. 508–518.
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., in Proc. of Int. School Seminar on Heavy Ion Physics, Dubna, Oct. 3–12, 1989 Preprint JINR D7-90-142 (Dubna, 1990), pp. 499–507.
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., in Proc. Int. Symp. “Towards a Unified Picture of Nuclear Dynamics” Nikko (AIP, New York, 1991), pp. 499–501; Preprint JINR E15-91-411 (Dubna, 1991).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., in Proc. of Int. Conf. on Exotic Nuclei, Oct. 1–5, 1991, Foros, Crimea, Ed. by Yu. E. Penionzhkevich and R. Kalpakchieva (World Scientific Publ., 1992), pp. 191–202.
A. V. Yeremin, A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, et al., in Proc. of Int. School Seminar on Heavy Ion Physics, Dubna, May 10–15, 1993, JINR E7-93-274, vol. 1, pp. 109–118. Ed. by Yu. Ts. Oganessian, Yu. E. Penionzhkevich, and R. Kalpakchieva.
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., in Proc. of the workshop “Heavy Ion Fusion: Exploring the Variety of Nuclear Properties” Padova, Italy, May 25–27, 1994 (Dubna, 1994); Preprint JINR E7-94-378.
D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, A. P. Kabachenko, et al., in Proc. of VI Int. School Seminar on Heavy Ion Physics, Sept. 22–27, 1997, Dubna, Russia, Ed. by Yu. Ts. Oganessian and R. Kalpakchieva (World Scientific, Singapore, 1998).
D. Vermeulen, H.-G. Clerc, C.-C. Sahm, et al., Z. Phys. A 318, 157–169 (1984).
Yu. Ts. Oganessian, V. K. Utyonkov, Yu. V. Lobanov, et al., Phys. Rev. C 64, 054606 (2001).
Yu. A. Lazarev, Yu. V. Lobanov, Yu. Ts. Oganessian, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1903–1906 (1995).
Yu. A. Lazarev, Yu. V. Lobanov, Yu. Ts. Oganessian, et al., Phys. Rev. C 54, 620–625 (1996).
Yu. Ts. Oganessian, V. K. Utyonkov, and K. J. Moody, Phys. At. Nucl. 64, 1349–1355 (2001).
H. W. Gäggeler, D. T. Jost, A. Türler, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 502, 561–570 (1989).
G. Münzenberg, S. Hofmann, W. Faust, et al., Z. Phys. A 302, 7–14 (1981).
T. Sikkeland, J. Maly, and F. Lebeck, Phys. Rev. 169, 1000–1006 (1968).
E. D. Donets, V. A. Shchegolev, and V. A. Yermakov, Yad. Fiz. 2, 1015–1023 (1965) [Phys. At. Nucl. 2, 723 (1965)].
H. Ikezoe, T. Ikuta, S. Mitsuoka, et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 2, 379–382 (1998).
Yu. Ts. Oganessian, V. K. Utyonkov, Yu. V. Lobanov, et al., Phys. Rev. C 70, 064609 (2004).
R. N. Sagaidak, A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, et al., in Proc. of 2nd Int. Conf. on Dynamical Aspects of Nucl. Fission, Bratislava, Slovakia, 1993, Ed. by J. Krištiak and B. I. Pustylnik, JINR E7-94-19 (Dubna, 1994), pp. 271–274.
B. I. Pustylnik, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 31, 273–312 (2000) [Phys. Part. Nucl. 31, 129 (2000)].
W. Reisdorf, Z. Phys. A 300, 227–238 (1981).
A. V. Ignatyuk, G. N. Smirenkin, and A. S. Tishin, Yad. Fiz. 21, 485–490 (1975) [Phys. At. Nucl. 21, 255 (1975)].
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., JINR Rapid Communications 4[72]-95, (Dubna, 1995), pp. 43–62.
P. Fröbrich, Phys. Rep. 116(6), 337–356 (1984).
S. Cohen, F. Plasil and W. J. Swiatecki, Ann. Phys. 82, 557–596 (1974).
A. J. Sierk, Phys. Rev. C 33, 2039–2053 (1986).
W. D. Myers and W. J. Swiatecki, Ark. Fyz. 36, 343–352 (1967).
A. H. Wapstra, G. Audi and R. Hoekstra, Atom. Data and Nucl. Data Tables 39, 281–393 (1988).
M. G. Itkis, Yu. Ts. Oganessian, E. M. Kozulin, et al., Nuovo Cimento A 111, 783–790 (1998).
B. I. Pustylnik, L. Calabretta, M. G. Itkis, et al., JINR Rapid Communications 6[80]-96 (Dubna, 1996), pp. 59–62.
R. N. Sagaidak, G. N. Kniajeva, I. M. Itkis, et al., Phys. Rev. C 68, 014603-1–014603-5 (2003).
D. J. Hinde, J. R. Leigh, J. J. M. Bokhorst, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 472, 318–332 (1987).
E. M. Kozulin, et al., JINR FLNR Sci. Rep. 1991–1992, JINR Report E7-93-57 (Dubna, 1993), pp. 70–71.
D. J. Hinde, H. Ogata, M. Tanaka, et al., Phys. Rev. C 39, 2268–2284 (1989).
I. I. Gontchar and P. Fröbrich, Nucl. Phys. A 551, 495–507 (1993).
T. Wada, N. Carjan, and Y. Abe, Nucl. Phys. A 538, 283c–290c (1992).
D. Ward, R. J. Charity, D. J. Hinde, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 403, 189–204 (1983).
Yu. A. Muzychka and B. I. Pustylnik, in Proc. Int. School-Seminar on Heavy Ion Phys., JINR D7-83-664 (Dubna, 1983), p. 420.
D. J. Hinde, D. Hilscher, H. Rossner, et al., Phys. Rev. C 45, 1229–1259 (1992).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 583, 153c–156c (1995).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, M. Veselsky, et al., JINR Rapid Communications 3[77]-96 (Dubna, 1996), pp. 65–78.
E. M. Kozulin, A. I. Rusanov, and G. N. Smirenkin, Yad. Fiz. 56(2), 37–54 (1993) [Phys. At. Nucl. 56, 166 (1993)].
R. N. Sagaidak, A. V. Yeremin, A. N. Andreyev, et al., JINR FLNR Sci. Rep. 1995–1996, JINR Rep. E7-97-206 (Dubna, 1997), pp. 50–52.
E. D. Donets, V. A. Shchegolev, and V. A. Yermakov, At. Energiya 20(3), 223–230 (1966).
V. L. Mikheev, V. I. Ilyushchenko, M. B. Miller, et al., At. Energiya 22(2), 90–97 (1967).
F. P. Heßberger, G. Münzenberg, S. Hofmann, et al., Z. Phys. A 322, 557–566 (1985).
R. Bass, in Proc. Conf. on Deep Inelastic and Fusion Reactions with Heavy Ions, Berlin, 1979 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1980), pp. 281–293.
G. N. Akapiev, A. G. Demin, V. A. Druin, et al., At. Energiya 21(4), 243–246 (1966).
E. D. Donets, Preprint OIYaI 2919 (Dubna, 1966).
P. Eskola, Phys. Rev. 7, 280–289 (1973).
D. J. Hinde, Nucl. Phys. A 553, 255c–270c (1993).
A. V. Ignatyuk, G. N. Smirenkin, M. G. Itkis, et al., Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 16(4), 709–772 (1985) [Phys. Part. Nucl. 16, 307 (1985)].
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 568, 323–332 (1994).
G. M. Ter-Akopian, A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 553, 735c–738c (1993).
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, A. V. Yeremin, et al., Yad. Fiz. 56(10), 9–15 (1993) [Phys. At. Nucl. 56, 1302 (1993)].
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., JINR Rapid Communications 4[50]-91 (Dubna, 1991), pp. 12–22.
A. N. Andreyev, D. D. Bogdanov, V. I. Chepigin, et al., Nucl. Phys. A 568, 323–332 (1994).
A. B. Quint, Z. Phys. A 346, 119 (1993).
K.-H. Schmidt and W. Morawek, Rep. Prog. Phys. 54, 949 (1991).
A. J. Sierk and J. R. Nix, in Proc. Symp. Phys. Chem. of Fission, Rochester, 1973 (IAEA Vienna, 1974), vol. II, pp. 273–287; K. T. R. Davies, A. J. Sierk, and J. R. Nix, “Effect of Viscosity on the Nuclear Dynamics,” Phys. Rev. C 13, 2385–2403 (1976).
R. Bass, Nucl. Phys. A 231, 45–63 (1974).
J. G. Keller et al., Nucl. Phys. A 452, 173 (1986).
S. Hofmann, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 46, 293–302 (2001).
W. Noerenberg, in Proc. of the Int. Workshop on Heavy Ion Fusion (Padova, Italy, 1994).
A. Iwamoto, P. Moeller, J. R. Nix, and H. Sagawa, Nucl. Phys. A 596, 329 (1996).
J. R. Leigh, M. Dasgupta, D. J. Hinde, et al., Phys. Rev. C 52, 3151–3166 (1995).
M. Dasgupta, D. J. Hinde, J. R. Leigh, and K. Nagino, Nucl. Phys. A 630, 78c–91c (1998).
S. Mitsuoka, H. Ikezoe, K. Nishio, and J. Lu, Phys. Rev. C 62, 054603 (1–9) (2000).
K. Nishio, H. Ikezoe, S. Mitsuoka, and J. Lu, Phys. Rev. C 62, 014602 (1–12) (2000).
W. Loveland, K. E. Zyromski, G. A. Souliotis, et al., J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 23, 1251–1257 (1997).
J. F. Liang, D. Shapira, C. J. Gross, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 152701 (1–4) (2003).
K. Satou, H. Ikezoe, S. Mitsuoka, et al., Phys. Rev. C 65, 054602 (1–9) (2002).
M. G. Itkis et al., Nucl. Phys. A 654, 870c (1999).
Yu. Ts. Oganessian, Eur. Phys. J. A 13, 135–141 (2002).
A. Tuerler, C. E. Diellmann, H. W. Gaeggeler, et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 17, 505–508 (2003).
D. J. Hinde and M. Dasgupta, Phys. Lett. B 622, 23–28 (2005).
W. Morawek et al., Z. Phys. A 341, 75 (1991).
H. Gaeggeler et al., Z. Phys. A 316, 291 (1984).
V. Yu. Denisov and W. Norenberg, Eur. Phys. J. A 15, 375–388 (2002).
G. G. Adamyan, N. V. Antonenko, and W. Scheid, Phys. Rev. C 69, 011601R (1–5) (2004).
G. G. Adamyan, N. V. Antonenko, and W. Scheid, Phys. Rev. C 69, 014607 (1–6) (2004).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.V. Yeremin, 2007, published in Fizika Elementarnykh Chastits i Atomnogo Yadra, 2007, Vol. 38, No. 4.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yeremin, A.V. Regularities of formation and survival probability of compound nuclei in the region of Z ≥ 82: Study of complete-fusion reactions with heavy ions using the kinematic separator VASSILISSA. Phys. Part. Nuclei 38, 492–524 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779607040041
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779607040041