Abstract
The stochastic mean-field (SMF) technique beyond the time-dependent-Hartree-Fock approach is used to explore the primary mass yields of quasifission fragments in the \({}^{58}\text {Fe}+{}^{208}\text {Pb}\) reaction at the bombarding energy \(E_{\text {c.m.}}\) = 238.5 MeV, \({}^{50}\text {Ti}+{}^{208}\text {Pb}\) reaction at \(E_{\text {c.m.}}\) = 237 MeV, and in the \({}^{36}\text {S}+{}^{238}\text {U}\) reaction at \(E_{\text {c.m.}}\) = 151.1 MeV. A statistical de-excitation model, GEMINI++ code, is used for calculating the primary mass yields of fusion–fission fragments after the de-excitation processes of primary products in the same systems. The obtained results are compared with available experimental data. Analysis of SMF and GEMINI++ calculations exhibit a good agreement with the corresponding experimental results, signifying the reliability of our approach in describing the fragment mass yields for the specific reaction systems.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: This is a theoretical study, and no experimental data].
References
Yu.Ts. Oganessian, V.K. Utyonkov, Y.V. Lobanov, F.S. Abdullin, A.N. Polyakov, I.V. Shirokovsky, Y.S. Tsyganov, G.G. Gulbekian, S.L. Bogomolov, B.N. Gikal, A.N. Mezentsev, S. Iliev, V.G. Subbotin, A.M. Sukhov, A.A. Voinov, G.V. Buklanov, K. Subotic, V.I. Zagrebaev, M.G. Itkis, J.B. Patin, K.J. Moody, J.F. Wild, M.A. Stoyer, N.J. Stoyer, D.A. Shaughnessy, J.M. Kenneally, R.W. Lougheed, Measurements of cross sections for the fusion-evaporation reactions \(^{244}\rm Pu{(^{48}\rm Ca\rm ,xn)^{292-x}114 and ^{245}\rm Cm}(^{48}\rm Ca\rm ,xn)^{293-x}116\). Phys. Rev. C 69, 054607 (2004)
S. Hofmann, F.P. Heßberger, D. Ackermann, G. Münzenberg, S. Antalic, P. Cagarda, B. Kindler, J. Kojouharova, M. Leino, B. Lommel, R. Mann, A.G. Popeko, S. Reshitko, S. Śaro, J. Uusitalo, A.V. Yeremin, New results on elements 111 and 112. Eur. Phys. J. A 14, 147–157 (2002)
C. Simenel, D.J. Hinde, R. du Rietz, M. Dasgupta, M. Evers, C.J. Lin, D.H. Luong, A. Wakhle, Influence of entrance-channel magicity and isospin on quasi-fission. Phys. Lett. B 710, 607–611 (2012)
E.M. Kozulin, V.I. Zagrebaev, G.N. Knyazheva, I.M. Itkis, K.V. Novikov, M.G. Itkis, S.N. Dmitriev, I.M. Harca, A.E. Bondarchenko, A.V. Karpov, V.V. Saiko, E. Vardaci, Inverse quasifission in the reactions \(^{156,160}\rm Gd\mathit{+^{186}\rm W}\). Phys. Rev. C 96, 064621 (2017)
M.G. Itkis, E. Vardaci, I.M. Itkis, G.N. Knyazheva, E.M. Kozulin, Fusion and fission of heavy and superheavy nuclei (experiment). Nucl. Phys. A 944, 204–237 (2015)
M.G. Itkis, G.N. Knyazheva, I.M. Itkis, E.M. Kozulin, Experimental investigation of cross sections for the production of heavy and superheavy nuclei. Eur. Phys. J. A 58, 178 (2022)
V. Zagrebaev, W. Greiner, Production of new heavy isotopes in low-energy multinucleon transfer reactions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 122701 (2008)
V.V. Saiko, A.V. Karpov, Analysis of multinucleon transfer reactions with spherical and statically deformed nuclei using a Langevin-type approach. Phys. Rev. C 99, 014613 (2019)
C. Simenel, Nuclear quantum many-body dynamics. Eur. Phys. J. A 48, 152 (2012)
S. Ayik, A stochastic mean-field approach for nuclear dynamics. Phys. Lett. B 658, 174 (2008)
K. Sekizawa, K. Yabana, Time-dependent Hartree-Fock calculations for multinucleon transfer and quasifission processes in the \(^{64}\rm Ni{+{}^{238}\rm U}\) reaction. Phys. Rev. C 93, 054616 (2016)
K. Sekizawa, Enhanced nucleon transfer in tip collisions of \(^{238}\rm U{+{}^{124}\rm Sn}\). Phys. Rev. C 96, 041601(R) (2017)
R. Balian, M. Vénéroni, Fluctuations in a time-dependent mean-field approach. Phys. Lett. B 136, 301–306 (1984)
R. Balian, M. Vénéroni, Time-dependent variational principle for the expectation value of an observable: mean-field applications. Ann. Phys. (NY) 164, 334 (1985)
O. Yilmaz, G. Turan, B. Yilmaz, Quasi-fission and fusion-fission reactions in \(^{48}{\rm Ca+}^{208}{\rm Pb}\) collisions at \({E}_{\rm c.m.} =190\) MeV. Eur. Phys. J. A 56, 37 (2020)
S. Ayik, B. Yilmaz, O. Yilmaz, A.S. Umar, G. Turan, Multinucleon transfer in central collisions of \(^{238}\rm U{+{}^{238}\rm U}\). Phys. Rev. C 96, 024611 (2017)
S. Ayik, B. Yilmaz, O. Yilmaz, A.S. Umar, Quantal diffusion description of multinucleon transfers in heavy-ion collisions. Phys. Rev. C 97, 054618 (2018)
B. Yilmaz, S. Ayik, O. Yilmaz, A.S. Umar, Multinucleon transfer in \(^{58}\rm Ni{+{}^{60}\rm Ni}\) and \(^{60}\rm Ni{+{}^{60}\rm Ni}\) in a stochastic mean-field approach. Phys. Rev. C 98, 034604 (2018)
S. Ayik, B. Yilmaz, O. Yilmaz, A.S. Umar, Quantal diffusion approach for multinucleon transfers in \(\rm Xe\mathit{+\rm Pb}\) collisions. Phys. Rev. C 100, 014609 (2019)
S. Ayik, M. Arik, O. Yilmaz, B. Yilmaz, A.S. Umar, Multinucleon transfer mechanism in \(^{250}\rm Cf{+^{232}\rm Th}\) collisions using the quantal transport description based on the stochastic mean-field approach. Phys. Rev. C 107, 014609 (2023)
M. Arik, S. Ayik, O. Yilmaz, A.S. Umar, Description of the multinucleon transfer mechanism for \(^{48}\rm Ca{+^{244}\rm Pu}\) and \(^{86}\rm Kr{+^{198}\rm Pt}\) reactions in a quantal transport approach. Phys. Rev. C 108, 064604 (2023)
I.M. Itkis, E.M. Kozulin, M.G. Itkis, G.N. Knyazheva, A.A. Bogachev, E.V. Chernysheva, L. Krupa, Yu.Ts. Oganessian, V.I. Zagrebaev, A.Ya. Rusanov, F. Goennenwein, O. Dorvaux, L. Stuttgé, F. Hanappe, E. Vardaci, E. de Goés Brennand, Fission and quasifission modes in heavy-ion-induced reactions leading to the formation of Hs\(^{*}\). Phys. Rev. C 83, 064613 (2011)
S. Appannababu, M. Cinausero, T. Marchi, F. Gramegna, G. Prete, J. Bermudez, D. Fabris, G. Collazuol, A. Saxena, B.K. Nayak, S. Kailas, M. Bruno, L. Morelli, N. Gelli, S. Piantelli, G. Pasquali, S. Barlini, S. Valdré, E. Vardaci, L. Sajo-Bohus, M. Degerlier, A. Jhingan, B.R. Behera, V.L. Kravchuk, Mass, total kinetic energy, and neutron multiplicity correlations in the binary fragmentation of \(^{50}\rm Ti\mathit{+{}^{208}\rm Pb}\) at 294 MeV bombarding energy. Phys. Rev. C 94, 044618 (2016)
See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevC.108.064604 for an extended discussion of the calculations presented in this work
A.S. Umar, M.R. Strayer, J.S. Wu, D.J. Dean, M.C. Güçlü, Nuclear Hartree-Fock calculations with splines. Phys. Rev. C 44, 2512–2521 (1991)
A.S. Umar, V.E. Oberacker, Three-dimensional unrestricted time-dependent Hartree-Fock fusion calculations using the full Skyrme interaction. Phys. Rev. C 73, 054607 (2006)
K.-H. Kim, T. Otsuka, P. Bonche, Three-dimensional TDHF calculations for reactions of unstable nuclei. J. Phys. G Nucl. Part. Phys. 23, 1267 (1997)
R. Charity, GEMINI: a code to simulate the decay of a compound nucleus by a series of binary decays, technical report. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), INDC(NDS)–0530 (2008)
C. Simenel, K. Godbey, A.S. Umar, Timescales of quantum equilibration, dissipation and fluctuation in nuclear collisions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 212504 (2020)
C. Simenel, P. McGlynn, A.S. Umar, K. Godbey, Comparison of fission and quasi-fission modes. Phys. Lett. B 822, 136648 (2021)
K. Nishio, H. Ikezoe, S. Mitsuoka, I. Nishinaka, Y. Nagame, Y. Watanabe, T. Ohtsuki, K. Hirose, S. Hofmann, Effects of nuclear orientation on the mass distribution of fission fragments in the reaction of \(^{36}\rm S{+{}^{238}\rm U}\). Phys. Rev. C 77, 064607 (2008)
A.V. Karpov, A.S. Denikin, M.A. Naumenko, A.P. Alekseev, V.A. Rachkov, V.V. Samarin, V.V. Saiko, V.I. Zagrebaev, NRV web knowledge base on low-energy nuclear physics. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 859, 112–124 (2017)
Acknowledgements
S.A. gratefully acknowledges Middle East Technical University for warm hospitality extended to him during his visits. S.A. also gratefully acknowledges F. Ayik for continuous support and encouragement. This work is supported in part by US DOE Grants Nos. DE-SC0015513 and DE-SC0013847. This work is supported in part by TUBITAK Grant No. 122F150. The numerical calculations reported in this paper were partially performed at TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TRUBA resources).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by Cedric Simenel.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Kayaalp, A., Ocal, S.E., Yaprakli, B. et al. A theoretical study on quasifission and fusion–fission processes in heavy-ion collisions. Eur. Phys. J. A 60, 79 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01303-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01303-9