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Method of Muonography and Prospects of Its Further Development

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Abstract

Muonography is an analog of other similar concepts such as X-ray radiography, electronography, neutronography, etc. based on the detection of penetrating radiation whose interaction with objects under study causes changes in the initial flux of the used particles. Unlike all other ‘‘graphies’’ which use artificially formed particle fluxes, muons are of natural origin, since they are formed as a result of interactions of primary cosmic rays with the nuclei of atoms in the atmosphere. Since muons keep well the direction of motion of primary particles, muon flux allows studying of disturbances in the heliosphere and magnetosphere of the Earth which lead to variations of the flux of primary cosmic rays. Also, disturbances in the atmosphere directly affect the muon flux, thus it can be used to study atmospheric processes. The paper considers the main ideas of the method of muonography, as well as the examples of its application for studying various processes and phenomena in the heliosphere, magnetosphere and atmosphere of the Earth. In frames of the further development of muonography, we discuss the expediency of creating a network of muon hodoscopes in the Russian Federation for early detection of hazardous processes and phenomena over its territory.

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Funding

The work has been performed in National Research Nuclear University MEPhI at the Unique Scientific Facility ‘‘Experimental complex NEVOD’’ with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Project ‘‘Fundamental problems of cosmic rays and dark matter,’’ no. 0723-2020-0040.

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  1. National Reseach Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engeneering Physics Institute), Moscow, Russia

    N. S. Barbashina, A. A. Petrukhin & V. V. Shutenko

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  1. N. S. Barbashina
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Correspondence to N. S. Barbashina.

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Barbashina, N.S., Petrukhin, A.A. & Shutenko, V.V. Method of Muonography and Prospects of Its Further Development. Phys. Atom. Nuclei 84, 1182–1194 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063778821130044

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