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Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling: From Quantum Vortices to Black Holes and Universe

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Abstract

The paper has been prepared for the JETP issue, dedicated to the 95th birthday of E.I. Rashba, who stood at the origins of macroscopic quantum tunneling together with his colleagues from the Landau Institute S.V. Iordansky and A.M. Finkelshtein. They pave the way for studying macroscopic quantum tunneling in various systems. In this paper, macroscopic quantum tunneling approach is extended to cosmological objects such as a black hole and de Sitter Universe. In particular, this approach allowed to calculate the entropy of Reissner–Nordström (RN) black hole with two horizons and the corresponding temperature of the thermal Hawking radiation. Several different methods were used: the method of semiclassical tunneling for calculation of the Hawking temperature; the cotunneling mechanism—the coherent sequence of tunneling at two horizons, each determined by the corresponding Hawking temperature; the method of singular coordinate transformations for calculations of macroscopic quantum tunneling from the RN black hole to the RN white hole; the method of the adiabatic change of the fine structure constant for the adiabatic transformation from the RN black hole to the Schwarzschild black hole; etc.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work has been supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement no. 694248).

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  1. Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, 00076, Aalto, Finland

    G. E. Volovik

  2. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, 142432, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, Russia

    G. E. Volovik

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This article was prepared for the special issue of Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics dedicated to the 95th birthday of Professor E.I. Rashba.

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Volovik, G.E. Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling: From Quantum Vortices to Black Holes and Universe. J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 135, 388–408 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776122100120

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