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Physics of Quadrupolar Compact Astrophysical Objects

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Abstract

The pursuit of understanding and testing general relativity involves both theoretical and observational efforts. To study the strong gravitational fields near astrophysical black holes and compact objects, which are not directly accessible, researchers often assume that these black holes are described by the Kerr solution. However, there are other objects that can mimic the properties of a black hole, making it challenging to connect theoretical models to observations. Therefore, it is important to explore deviations by introducing small additional parameters as extra physical degrees of freedom in order to establish a link between the models and observational data. This paper presents the development of an alternative background that incorporates these additional parameters. The subsequent analysis includes examining the expected astrophysical properties and validating them through comparison with observational data.

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Notes

  1. Prolate spheroidal coordinates are three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates that result from rotating the two-dimensional elliptic coordinates about the focal axis of the ellipse.

  2. The same method has been used in colliding electromagnetic gravitational waves, in the cylindrical waves of Einstein and Rosen and the gravitational field of a very large plate of thin matter [8].

  3. Boyer’s condition states the boundary of any stationary and barotropic perfect fluid body is an equipotential surface.

  4. These various models are essentially composed of different combinations of epicyclic frequencies and the Keplerian frequency [19].

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Funding

Funding for this research has been provided by the excellence cluster QuantumFrontiers funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy—EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers—390837967. The author acknowledges the research training group GRK 1620 “Models of Gravity” funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation).

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  1. University of Bremen, Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM), 28359, Bremen, Germany

    S. Faraji

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Paper presented at the Fifth Zeldovich meeting, an international conference in honor of Ya.B. Zeldovich held in Yerevan, Armenia on June 12–16, 2023. Published by the recommendation of the special editors: R. Ruffini, N. Sahakyan and G.V. Vereshchagin.

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Faraji, S. Physics of Quadrupolar Compact Astrophysical Objects. Astron. Rep. 67 (Suppl 2), S207–S213 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063772923140068

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