Abstract
During the evolution of shrimp, essential aspects of their organization have remained unchanged. Approximately the same adaptations that have generated a large number of parallelisms within this relatively small group of arthropods have been used in the process of their adaptive evolution. This evolutionary process is typical telogenesis. The ancient shrimp fauna of both Dendrobranchiata and Pleocyemata may have originated in shallow waters not later than in the Jurassic. This is confirmed by the remains of Dendrobranchiata found in the shallow-water sediments of the Cenomanian (early Upper Cretaceous) and the remains of Pleocyemata as inhabitants of shallow-water refugia and representatives of the most primitive caridean shrimp family Procarididae. The last group is morphologically very similar to fossil shrimp of the Jurassic (for example, Udorella agassizi). Later, due to adaptive radiation at the generic level, shrimp occupied both the continental slope and the pelagic zone. These shallow-water species may have then been ousted by a new shrimp fauna during colonization of the shelf. The previous shrimp fauna may have been displaced to the continental slope, perhaps bordering on it. Some part of the species from various genera could have moved deeper along the slope down to the abyssal zone, whereas some others might have shifted to occupy the pelagic zone. This movement may have been associated with food resources, which were limited on the slope in the places with low levels of terrigenous sedimentogenesis. Numerous species seem to have switched from the detrital food chain to a grazing one. This process was repeated several times; as a result, the surviving representatives of the most ancient and subsequent fauna occurred at even greater depths. It follows from the above information that a pulsing type of telogenesis is characteristic of shrimp. Therefore, the modern shrimp fauna consists of young shelf groups with intensive cladogenesis, groups that have persisted since the Cretaceous (or even Jurassic), and remains of earlier fauna that have survived at great depths or in shallow-water refugia.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author expresses his sincere gratitude to S. De Grave (Oxford University Museum of Natural History, United Kingdom) for the literature provided, as well as to A.A. Kotov (Severstov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow) and Ch.M. Nigmatullin (Atlantic Branch, All-Russia Institute for Fishery and Oceanography (AtlantNIRO), Kaliningrad) for critical comments.
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Burukovsky, R.N. Peculiarities of the Evolutionary Process in Shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda). Biol Bull Russ Acad Sci 48, 915–925 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359021070086
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359021070086