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Radio-Frequency Ion Guides with Periodical Electrodes and Pulse Voltages

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Abstract

We consider radio-frequency ion guides formed by electrodes, which are periodic sequences of circular apertures. With the help of pulse voltages arranged as trains of a special type, a relay-switched sequence of axial distributions of the pseudopotential can be organized along the axis of the system in the form of space waves with alternating maxima and minima, which convey charged particles along the conveying channel. The disadvantage of the proposed conveying technology is the obligatory presence of neutral gas in moderate amounts, which dampens the excess kinetic energy acquired by charged particles in the jump-like switching of the radio-frequency electric field. An advantage of the proposed conveying technology is the simplified form of radio-frequency voltages applied to the electrodes of the device and the flexible control of the guiding velocity in Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry interfaces, for example.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

A.S. Berdnikov and N.R. Gall are grateful to Roger Giles, an employee of the Shimadzu Research Laboratory [106], for the general formulation of the problem of replacing continuous voltages with pulse voltages in guiding devices which use the A-Wave effect. A.S. Berdnikov expresses his deep respect to Sumio Kumashiro, M.Yu. Sudakov, and N.V. Konenkov for their support in solving the problems of charged particle motion in radio-frequency electric fields and for numerous useful advice, and also expresses his gratitude to A. Andreeva-Giles (Alina Giles) for simulations carried out in the registration of patents related to the A-Wave method. The authors are grateful to the reviewers of the article for the references to the works of P.J. Derrick and A. Khursheed, which supplemented the bibliography to this article and made it complete.

Funding

This work was partially supported within the framework of research work 0074-2019-0009, which is part of the State order no. 075-00780-19-02 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation [102] for the Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences [103]. The calculations were performed using the Wolfram Mathematica program version 11.0 [104]. The figures were created using the Wolfram Mathematica version 11.0 [104] with subsequent manual editing in the Paint.NET graphic editor, version 4.1.5 [105].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 190103, St. Petersburg, Russia

    A. S. Berdnikov, N. R. Gall, A. G. Kuzmin, S. V. Masyukevich & Yu. A. Titov

  2. MSC-CG (Mass Spectrometry Consulting), 85000, Bar, Montenegro

    A. N. Verenchikov

  3. Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia

    N. R. Gall & M. N. Lapushkin

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  1. A. S. Berdnikov
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  2. A. N. Verenchikov
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  3. N. R. Gall
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  4. A. G. Kuzmin
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  5. S. V. Masyukevich
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  6. M. N. Lapushkin
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Correspondence to A. S. Berdnikov.

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Berdnikov, A.S., Verenchikov, A.N., Gall, N.R. et al. Radio-Frequency Ion Guides with Periodical Electrodes and Pulse Voltages. J Anal Chem 75, 1758–1773 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061934820140063

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