Skip to main content
Log in

Structural-phase transformations at annealing of highly reflective mirrors based on aluminum and silver

  • Published:
Journal of Surface Investigation. X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Multilayered prototypes of Al and Ag total reflection mirrors with a protective coating of amorphous ZrO2 oxide were analyzed using transmission electron (cross-sectional method), optical, and scanning (with electron probe microanalysis) microscopes. The prototypes’ reflectivity was measured by the recording of reflection spectra in the wavelength range 200–1100 nm. The structure of the mirrors was studied by X-ray diffraction reflection. High temperature annealing (8 h) did not change the stoichiometric composition of the protective coating. The reflectivity of the Al mirrors in the wavelength range 700–1100 nm and the Ag mirrors in the wavelength range of 500–1100 nm remained unchanged in spite of recrystallization of the polycrystalline metal films and the incipient process of amorphous ZrO2 crystallization. The mass of the crystalline oxide after annealing was several percent of the total amorphous oxide mass. At the same time annealing led to the occurrence of local voids on the aluminum/upper oxide interface. Such defects were not observed on the Ag mirrors. As a whole, the Ag mirrors turned out to be more stable to heating as compared to those made of Al.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. E. E. Mukhin, K. Yu. Vukolov, V. V. Semenov, et al., Nucl. Fusion 49, 08503 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. E. E. Mukhin, V. V. Semenov, A. G. Razdobarin, et al., Nucl. Fusion 52, 013017 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. A. G. Razdobarin, E. E. Mukhin, V. V. Semenov, et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 63, 809 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. V. D. Vvedenskii and V. P. Ryazankin, Vacuum Technology of Optical Instrumentation (Zaochn. Inst. TsP VNTO priborostroitelei im. S.I. Vavilova, Moscow, 1988) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  5. R. James, Optical Principles of the Diffraction of X-Rays (Cornell Univ., Ithaca, 1965; Inostr. Liter., Moscow, 1950).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Z. G. Pinsker, Dynamical Scattering of X-rays in Perfect Crystals (Nauka, Moscow, 1974), p. 208 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  7. U. Martin, H. Boysen, and F. Frey, Acta Crystallogr. Struct. Sci. 49, 403 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. P. Eklund, M. Sridharan, G. Singh, and J. Böttiger, Plasma Process. Polym. 6, 907 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. J. M. Cowley, Diffraction Physics (North-Holand, Amsterdam, 1995; Mir, Moscow, 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  10. A. I. Gusev, Phys. Usp. 41, 49 (1998).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. A. V. Koropov, J. Surf. Invest. 5, 780 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. S. V. Gabelkov, R. V. Tarasov, N. S. Poltavtsev, et al., Vestn. At. Nauki Tekh., Ser. Fiz. Rad. Povrezhd. Rad. Materialoved., No. 3, 116 (2004) [in Russian].

  13. L. A. Reznitskii and S. E. Filippova, Russ. Chem. Rev. 62, 437 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. B. S. Bokshtein, S. Z. Bokshtein, and A. A. Zhukhovitskii, Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Diffusion in Solids (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1974) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  15. D. Adams, T. L. Alford, and J. W. Mayer, Silver Metalization: Stability and Reliability (Springer, Berlin, 2008).

    Google Scholar 

  16. N. V. Krivosheev, O. G. Alekseev, E. G. Semin, et al., Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Neorg. Mater. 26, 308 (1990).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. A. Ortiz, J. C. Alonso, and E. Haro-Poniatowski, J. Electron. Mater. 34, 150 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. G. Tian, J. Huang, T. Wang, H. He, J. Shao, Appl. Surf. Sci. 239, 201 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. A. Borik, V. T. Bublik, M. A. Vishnyakova, et al., J. Surf. Invest. 5, 166 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Original Russian Text © A.E. Gorodetskyi, R.Kh. Zalavutdinov, V.L. Bukhovets, I.I., Arkhipov, A.P. Zakharov, E.E. Mukhin, A.G. Razdobarin, S.Yu. Tolstyakov, A.A. Sitnikova, D.A. Kirilenko, S.V. Masyukevich, 2012, published in Poverkhnost’. Rentgenovskie, Sinkhrotronnye i Neitronnye Issledovaniya, 2012, No. 10, pp. 88–96.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gorodetskyi, A.E., Zalavutdinov, R.K., Bukhovets, V.L. et al. Structural-phase transformations at annealing of highly reflective mirrors based on aluminum and silver. J. Surf. Investig. 6, 865–872 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1027451012100060

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1027451012100060

Keywords

Navigation