Abstract
The variability of 21 allozyme and three microsatellite loci of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) was studied in the populations of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) from Irkutsk oblast, Magadan oblast, Buryatia, and Mongolia. It was demonstrated that the highest level of genetic diversity among the examined populations at both allozyme and microsatellite loci was observed in the Tulyushka population from Irkutsk oblast. The lowest level of genetic diversity was observed in marginal isolated populations of Bogd Uul and Magadan. In the relict spruce population from Olkhon Island, differing from the other populations in the lowest allelic diversity of both types of markers, no expected decline of expected heterozygosity and haplotype diversity was observed. In this population, the variability parameters mentioned were close to the population mean. The obtained intrapopulation and intraspecific variability parameters of allozyme and microsatellite loci of chloroplast DNA and the data on the population differentiation at these loci indicate that the given markers can be used for the analysis of the population structure of Siberian spruce.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Pravdin, L.F., El’ evropeiskaya i el’ sibirskaya v SSSR (Norway and Siberian Spruce in the Soviet Union), Moscow: Nauka, 1975.
Bobrov, E.G., Lesoobrazuyushchie khvoinye SSSR (Forest-Forming Coniferous Species of the Soviet Union), Leningrad: Nauka, 1978.
Krutovskii, K.V. and Bergmann, F., Introgressive hybridization and phylogenetic relationships between Norway, Picea abies (L.) Karst., and Siberian, P. obovata Ledeb., spruce species studied by isozyme loci, Heredity, 1995, vol. 74, pp. 464–480.
Yanbaev, Yu.A., Shigapov, Z.Kh., Putenikhin, V.P., and Bakhtiyarova, R.M., Differentiation of populations of Siberian spruce, Picea obovata Ledeb., in the Southern Urals, Russ. J. Genet., 1997, vol. 33, no. 9, pp. 1060–1064.
Politov, D.V. and Krutovskii, K.V., Clinal variation and introgressive hybridization among populations of the Norway and Siberian spruce, in Zhizn’ populyatsii v geterogennoi srede (Populations in the Heterogenic Environment), Ioshkar-Ola: Periodika Marii-El, 1998, vol. 2, pp. 78–89.
Putenikhin, V.P., Shigapov, Z.Kh., and Farukshina, G.G., El’ sibirskaya na Yuzhnom Urale i v Bashkirskom Predural’e (populyatsionno-geneticheskaya struktura) (Siberian Spruce in the Southern Urals and the Bashkirian Cisurals (Population Genetic Structure)), Moscow: Nauka, 2005.
Shigapov, Z.Kh., Intraspecific variation and differentiation of species of the Pinaceae family in the Urals, Extended Abstract of Doctoral Dissertation, Permskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Perm, 2005.
Goncharenko, G.G. and Potenko, V.V., Parameters of genetic variation and differentiation in the populations of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.), Genetika (Moscow), 1991, vol. 27, no. 10, pp. 1759–1772.
Larionova, A.Ya., Inheritance of allozyme variants in Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.), Genetika (Moscow), 1995, vol. 31, no. 9, pp. 1261–1267.
Goncharenko, G.G. and Padutov, V.E., Populyatsionnaya i evolyutsionnaya genetika elei palearktiki (Population and Evolutional Genetics of Palearctic Spruces), Gomel’: Inst. Lesa Nats. Akad. Navuk Belarus, 2001.
Potenko, V.V., Isozyme polymorphism and phylogenetic interrelations of conifer species of the Russian Far East, Extended Abstract of Doctoral Dissertation, Biol.Pochvennei Inst. Dalnevost. Otd. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Vladivostok, 2004.
Larionova, A.Ya., Kravchenko, A.N., Ekart, A.K., and Oreshkova, N.V., Genetic diversity and differentiation of populations of coniferous forest forming species in Central Siberia, in Khvoinye Boreal’noi Zony, 2007, vol. 24, nos. 2–3, pp. 235–242.
Kravchenko, A.N., Larionova, A.Ya., and Milyutin, L.I., Genetic polymorphism of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) in Middle Siberia, Russ. J. Genet., 2008, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 35–43.
Kravchenko, A.N., Ekart, A.K., and Larionova, A.Ya., Allozyme diversity and differentiation of spruce populations in the Western Trans-Baikal and Mongolia, Khvoinye Boreal’noi Zony, 2012, vol. 30, nos. 1–2, pp. 97–101.
Kravchenko, A.N., Larionova, A.Ya., and Ekart, A.K., Genetic polymorphism of Siberian spruce Picea obovate (Pinaceae) populations in the Asian part of distribution area, Vestn. Sev.-Vost. Nauchn. Tsentra Dal’nevost. Otd. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2013, no. 2, pp. 74–95.
Politov, D.V., Kravchenko, A.N., Belokon’, M.M., et al., Genetic differentiation of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) at allozyme loci, in Sokhranenie lesnykh geneticheskikh resursov Sibiri (Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources in Siberia) (Proc. 3rd Int. Conf.), Krasnoyarsk: Institut Lesa im. V.N. Sukacheva Sib. Otd. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2011, pp. 97–98.
Neale, D.B. and Sederoff, R.R., Paternal inheritance of chloroplast DNA and maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in loblolly pine, Theor. Appl. Genet., 1989, vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 212–216.
Mogensen, H.L., The hows and whys of cytoplasmic inheritance in seed plants, Am. J. Bot., 1996, vol. 83, pp. 383–404.
Mudrik, E.A., Politov, D.V., Belokon’, M.M., and Privalikhin, S.N., The genetic variation of spruce according to microsatellite loci data, in Biosfera Zemli: proshloe, nastoyashchee i budushchee (Biosphere of the Earth: Past, Present and Future) (Proc. Conf. Young Sci. Yekaterinburg, 2008), Yekaterinburg: Goshchitskii, 2008, pp. 154–157.
Tollefsrud, M.M. and Sperisen, Ch., Paternal introgression from Siberian spruce to Norway spruce (Picea abies): Tracing pollen and seed flow with chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA, in Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources in Siberia: Proc. of 3rd Int. Conf. (August 23–29, 2011), Krasnoyarsk, 2011, p. 162.
Melnikova, M.N., Petrov, N.B., Lomov, A.A., la Porta, N., and Politov, D.V., Testing of microsatellite primers with different populations of Eurasian spruces Picea abies (L.) Karst. and Picea obovata Ledeb., Russ. J. Genet., 2012, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 562–566.
Potokina, E.K., Orlova, L.V., Vishnevskaya, M.S., et al., Genetic differentiation of spruce populations in northwest Russia according to the results of microsatellite loci analysis, Ekol. Genet., 2012, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 40–49.
Vendramin, G.G., Anzidei, M., Madaghiele, A., et al., Chloroplast microsatellite analysis reveals the presence of population subdivision in Norway spruce (Picea abies K.), Genome, 2000, vol. 43, pp. 68–78.
Gugerli, F., Senn, J., Anzidei, M., et al., Chloroplast microsatellites and mitochondrial nad 1 intron 2 sequences indicate congruent phylogenetic relationships among Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra), Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica), and Siberian dwarf pine (Pinus pumila), Mol. Ecol., 2001, vol. 10, pp. 1489–1497.
Hansen, O.K., Kjær, E.D., and Vendramin, G.G., Chloroplast microsatellite variation in Abies nordmanniana and simulation of causes for low differentiation among populations, Tree Genet. Genomes, 2005, vol. 1, pp. 116–123.
Polezhaeva, M.A., Semerikov, V.L., and Pimenova, E.A., Genetic diversity of larch at the north of Primorskii Krai and limits of Larix olgensis A. Henry distribution, Russ. J. Genet., 2013, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 497–502.
Semerikov, V.L., Semerikova, S.A., Dymshakova, O.S., et al., Microsatellite loci polymorphism of chloroplast DNA of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Asia and eastern Europe, Russ. J. Genet., 2014, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 577–585.
Semerikova, S.A., Semerikov, V.L., Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Abies Mill. (Pinaceae) based on the chloroplast DNA nucleotide sequences, Russ. J. Genet., 2014, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 7–19.
Mochalova, O.A. and Andrianova, E.A., On the isolated localities of Picea obovata (Pinaceae) of the North-Eastern Asia, Bot. Zh., 2004, vol. 89, no. 12, pp. 1823–1840.
Manchenko, G.P., Handbook of Detection of Enzymes on Electrophoretic Gels, G.P. CRC, 1994.
Wright, S., The interpretation of population structure of F-statistics with special regard to systems of mating, Evolution, 1965, vol. 19, pp. 395–420.
Weir, B.S. and Cockerham, C.C., Estimating F-statistic for the analysis of population structure, Evolution, 1984, vol. 38, pp. 1358–1370.
Nei, M., Genetic distance between populations, Am. Nat., 1972, vol. 106, pp. 283–292.
Mantel, N., The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach, Cancer Res., 1976, vol. 27, pp. 209–220.
Peakall, R. and Smouse, P.E., GenAlEx 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research, Mol. Ecol. Notes, 2006, vol. 6, pp. 288–295.
Devey, M.E., Bell, J.C., Smith, D.N., et al., A genetic linkage map for Pinus radiata based on RFLP, RAPD, and microsatellite markers, Theor. Appl. Genet., 1996, vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 673–679.
Vendramin, G.G., Lelli, L., Rossi, P., and Morgante, M., A set of primers for the amplification of 20 chloroplast microsatellites in Pinaceae, Mol. Ecol., 1996, vol. 5, pp. 111–114.
Semerikova, S.A. and Semerikov, V.L., The diversity of chloroplast microsatellite loci in Siberian fir (Abies sibirica Ledeb.) and two Far East fir species A. nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim. and A. sachalinensis Fr. Schmidt, Russ. J. Genet., 2007, vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 1373–1381.
Wakasugi, T., Tsudzuki, J., Ito, S., et al., Loss of all ndh genes as determined by sequencing the entire chloroplast genome of the black pine Pinus thunbergii, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1994, vol. 91, pp. 9794–9798.
Bucci, G. and Vendramin, G.G., Delineation of genetic zones in the European Norway spruce natural range: preliminary evidence, Mol. Ecol., 2000, vol. 9, pp. 923–934.
Scotti, I., Gugerli, F., Pastorelli, R., et al., Maternally and paternally inherited molecular markers elucidate population patterns and inferred dispersal processes on a small scale within a subalpine stand of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), For. Ecol. Manage., 2008, vol. 255, pp. 3806–3812.
Excoffier, L., Laval, G., and Schneider, S., ARLEQUIN ver. 3.1: An Integrated Software Package for Population Genetics Data Analysis. Computational and Molecular Population Genetics Lab (CMPG), Bern: Institute of Zoology, University of Bern, 2006.
Nei, M., Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1987.
Goldstein, D.B., Ruiz Linares, A., Cavalli-Sforza, L.L., and Feldman, M.W., An evaluation of genetic distances for use with microsatellite loci, Genetics, 1995, vol. 139, pp. 463–471.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.K. Ekart, S.A. Semerikova, V.L. Semerikov, A.Ya. Larionova, A.N. Kravchenko, O.S. Dymshakova, 2016, published in Genetika, 2016, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 311–319.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ekart, A.K., Semerikova, S.A., Semerikov, V.L. et al. Variability of allozyme and cpSSR markers in the populations of Siberian spruce. Russ J Genet 52, 273–280 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795416030054
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795416030054