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The role of Pro-P5C Cycle in chs mutants of Arabidopsis under cold stress

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Abstract

Proline metabolism is implicated in plant responses to abiotic stresses, including the chilling stress. During proline catabolism, the two-step oxidation of proline is performed by the continuous actions of proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), which produces Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C), and P5C dehydrogenase (P5CDH), which oxidizes P5C to glutamate. The Arabidopsis thaliana chilling mutants chs1 and chs2 are sensitive to chilling temperatures of 13–18°C. For a better understanding of Arabidopsis responses to chilling stress, 4-week-old wild-type (WT) and chs1 and chs2 lines, with three plants in each group, were subjected to chilling stress (13°C), cold stress (4°C), or remained under normal conditions (23°C); and several factors including the expression of ProDH2 and P5CDH genes, POX (peroxidase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) activities, as well as MDA and proline contents were examined. Our results showed an increase in the proline content in all lines under chilling conditions. In addition, a greater expression of ProDH2 and a lower expression of P5CDH were observed, leading us to speculate a greater breakdown of proline into P5C and a consequent overproduction of ROS in the ETC cycle. The higher POX and SOD activities and a higher MDA content in chs mutants at 13°C are in line with this speculation. Finally, cold-treated plants (4°C) only showed an increase in proline levels.

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Abbreviations

chs :

chilling-sensitive

ETC:

electron transport chain

GR:

glutathione reductase

P5C:

Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

PCD:

programmed cell death

P5CDH:

P5C dehydrogenase

P5CR:

P5C reductase

P5CS:

P5C synthetase

POX:

peroxidase

ProDH:

proline dehydrogenase

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

WT:

wild-type

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

    R. A. Khavari-Nejad, F. Najafi, M. Nabiuni & Z. Gharari

  2. Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    R. A. Khavari-Nejad

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

    R. Shekaste Band

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  1. R. A. Khavari-Nejad
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  2. R. Shekaste Band
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  3. F. Najafi
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  4. M. Nabiuni
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  5. Z. Gharari
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Correspondence to Z. Gharari.

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Khavari-Nejad, R.A., Shekaste Band, R., Najafi, F. et al. The role of Pro-P5C Cycle in chs mutants of Arabidopsis under cold stress. Russ J Plant Physiol 60, 375–382 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443713020106

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