Skip to main content
Log in

Microbial expansion in the Archeozoic as the basis for searching and interpreting extraterrestrial analogues

  • Point of View
  • Published:
Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

In the fields of observation, chance favors only the prepared mind.

L. Pasteur

Abstract

Over the past several decades, scientists have been trying to figure out whether earthlike life could emerge on other planets. Meteorites that have fallen on the Earth can help find an answer to this question. Using state-of-the-art methods, the authors of this article have compared the vestiges of biological activity found in astronomical bodies with cyanobacteria from the earliest sedimentary rocks. The morphological, biogeochemical, and isotopic indicators of microbial life on the early Earth make it possible to use the accumulated experience in searching for and identifying extraterrestrial life.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. Schidlowski, “Paleobiological and biogeochemical vestiges of early terrestrial biota: Baseline for evaluation of extraterrestrial evidence,” in Perspectives in Astrobiology, Ed. by R. B. Hoover et al. (IOS Press, 2005).

    Google Scholar 

  2. G. A. Zavarzin, “The evolvement of the biosphere,” Herald Russ. Acad. Sci. 71(6), 611 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  3. E. M. Galimov, “What is life? Instead of Introduction,” in Problems of Biosphere Origin and Evolution, in 2 vols., Ed. by E. M. Galimov (Nova Science, 2013; Knizhnyi Dom Librokom, Moscow, 2008), Vol. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  4. C. McKay and S. Nedell, “Are there carbonate deposits in the Valles Marineris, Mars?,” Icarus 73, 142 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. M. R. Walter, “Archean stromatolites: Evidence of the Earth’s earliest benthos,” in Earth’s Earliest Biosphere: Its Origin and Evolution (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  6. G. A. Zavarzin, “The first ecosystems on the Earth,” in Problems of Life Origin (PIN RAN, Moscow, 2009) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  7. M. Schidlowski, “Beginnings of terrestrial life: Problems of the early record and implications for extraterrestrial scenarios,” Proc. SPIE 3441: Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, 149 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. W. Schopf and B. M. Packer, “Early Archaean (3.3-billion to 3.5-billion-year-old) microfossils from Warrawoona Group, Australia,” Science 237, 70 (1987).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. H. D. Pflug, “Yeast-like microfossils detected in the oldest sediments of the Earth,” Naturwissenschaften 65, 611 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. D. Bridgwater, J. H. Allaart, J. W. Schopf, et al., “Microfossil-like objects from the Archaean of Greenland: A cautionary note,” Nature 289, 51 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. H. D. Pflug, “Early diversification of life in the Archaean,” Zentralblatt Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg.: I. Abt. Orig. C, No. 3 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  12. L. V. Ivanova, O. S. Chapina, and V. A. Meleshik, “The find of coccoid microfossils in metamorphosed silicons of the Early Proterozoic in the USSR,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk Ukr. SSR 303, 210 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  13. H. D. Pflug, “Earliest organic evolution: Essay to the memory of Bartholomew Nagy,” Precambrian Res. 106, 79 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. A. S. Lopukhin and V. N. Eremeev, “The origin of living substance on primordial planets of the solar system (a retrospective view),” Vestnik Nats. Akad. Nauk Ukrainy, No. 8 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. S. Lopukhin and M. G. Shidlovskii, “The Phenomenon of microbial expansion in the Archean as a precedent of the search for and interpretation of extraterrestrial analogs,” Vestnik Nats. Akad. Nauk Ukrainy, No. 5 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  16. A. S. Lopukhin, “Representatives of Dharvaria hindi in the Precambrian in South India,” Geol. Razved., No. 5 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  17. H. D. Pflug, “Structured organic remains from the Fig Tree Series (Precambrian) of the Barberton Mountain Land (South Africa),” Rev. Paleobot. Palynol., No. 5 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  18. A. E. J. Engel, B. Nagy, L. A. Nagy, et al., “Alga-like forms in Onverwacht Series. South Africa: Oldest recognized lifelike forms on Earth,” Science 161, 1005 (1968).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. A. S. Lopukhin and O. A. Lopukhina, “Precambrian colonial picofossils Hymenophacoides Roblot 1964: Stages of their reproduction as the main argument for biogenic verification,” Geol. Zh. (Kiev), No. 2, 25 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  20. A. S. Lopukhin, Probable ancestors of Cyanophyta in sedimentary rocks of Precambrian and Palaeozoic, Geol. Föreningens Förhandlingar 98, 297 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  21. A. S. Lopukhin and V. N. Eremeev, “The Ice Age of primordial planets: The sources of the ocean and the origin of the biosphere,” Herald Russ. Acad. Sci. 83(5), 411 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. M. M. Roblot, “Nouveaux acritarches du Precambrian Normand; leurs etude a la microsonde electronique,” Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci., Ser. D: Sciences Naturelles 264(10), 1263 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  23. A. S. Lopukhin, “Precambrian biofossils and some problems of studying them,” Probl. Osadochnoi Geologii Dokembriya 4(2), 169 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  24. E. M. Galimov, The Nature of Biological Fractionation of Isotopes (Nauka, Moscow, 1981) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  25. M. Schidlowski, J. M. Hayes, and I. R. Kaplan, “Isotopic inferences of ancient biochemistries: Carbon, sulfur, hydrogen and nitrogen,” in Earth’s Earliest Biosphere: Its Origin and Evolution, (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  26. M. Schidlowski, “Carbon isotopes as biogeochemical recorders of life over 3.8 Ga of Earth history: Evolution of a concept,” Precambrian Res. 106, 117 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Schidlowski, “Stable carbon isotopes: Possible clues to early life on Mars,” Adv. Space Res. 12, 101 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. D. S. McKay, E. K. Gibson, K. L. Thomas-Keprta, et al., “Search for past life on Mars: Possible relic biogenic activity in Martian meteorite ALH 84001,” Science 273, 924 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. E. K. Gibson, D. S. McKay, K. L. Thomas-Keprta, et al., “Life on Mars: Evaluation of the evidence within Martian meteorites ALH 84001, Nakkla, and Shergotty,” Precambrian Res. 106, 15 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. L. J. Rothschild and D. des Marais, “Stable carbon isotope fractionation in the search for life on early Mars,” Adv. Space Res. 9, 159 (1989).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aleksandr Sergeevich Lopukhin.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © M.G. Schidlowski, A.S. Lopukhin, 2014, published in Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk, 2014, Vol. 84, No. 8, pp. 724–734.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Schidlowski, M.G., Lopukhin, A.S. Microbial expansion in the Archeozoic as the basis for searching and interpreting extraterrestrial analogues. Her. Russ. Acad. Sci. 84, 310–319 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1019331614040078

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1019331614040078

Keywords

Navigation