Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fluid regime and the behavior of ore, trace, and rare-earth elements during granitization of metagabbro-norites of the Belomorian Group (Gorelyi Island, Kandalaksha Bay)

  • Published:
Petrology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The study of metagabbro-norites of the Belomorian Group metamorphosed under the amphibolite-lower granulite facies conditions (Gorelyi Island, Kandalaksha Bay) showed that at contact with Bt-Hbl-Kfs-Pl-Qtz gneiss-granites they were affected by silicic-alkaline H2O-Cl-CO2 brines, which caused the enrichment in alkalis, silica, Rb, Ba, Pb, Zr, LREE and redistribution of Cu, Zn, Cr, Co, V, and Ni along the filtration pathway. The granitization of metagabbro-norite proceeded simultaneously with increase in fluid oxygen fugacity from one log unit below to four log units above QFM. The microprobe determinations of Cl content in biotites and apatites made it possible to calculate variations in the \( f_{H_2 O} \)-f HCl relations in fluid during its percolation through the rock. It was shown that biotite was formed at metamorphic peak in the presence of highly aggressive high-f HCl fluids (log \( f_{H_2 O} \)/f HCl ≈ 0.8–1.2). Apatite was formed in the presence of less acid and more aqueous residual solutions (log \( f_{H_2 O} \)/f HCl ≈ 2.98−3.91), which presumably lost their salt components at metamorphic peak. The calculations showed that the flux of fluid that percolated through the rock during granitization accounted for q ≈ 4 × 102 to 2 × 103 cm3/cm2. Due to insignificant volume of the fluid, the transformations spanned only marginal part of the metagabbro-norites on Gorelyi Island.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. J. Ague, “Simple Models of Coupled Fluid Infiltration and Redox Reactions in the Crust,” Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 132, 180–197 (1998).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. J. C. Ayers and D. H. Eggler, “Partitioning of Elements between Silicate Melt and H2O-NaCl Fluids at 1.5 and 2.0 GPa Pressure: Implications for Mantle Metasomatism,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 4237–4246 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. P. Ya. Azimov and S. A. Bushmin, “Solubility of Minerals of Metamorphic and Metasomatic Rocks in Hydrothermal Solutions of Varying Acidity: Thermodynamic Modeling at 400–800°C and 1–5 kbar,” Geokhimiya, No. 12, 1305–1330 (2007) [Geochem. Int. 45, 1210–1234 (2007)].

  4. A. F. Buddington and D. H. Lindsley, “Iron-Titanium Oxide Minerals and Synthetic Equivalents,” J. Petrol. 5, 310–357 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  5. V. Yu. Chevychelov, A. G. Simakin, N. I. Suk, et al., “Chlorine Solubility in Magmatic Melts,” in Experimental Mineralogy. Some Results at the Turn of Century (Nauka, Moscow, 2004), Vol. 1, pp. 149–190 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  6. J. F. A. Diener, R. Powell, R. W. White, and T. J. B. Holland, “A New Thermodynamic Model for Clino- and Orthoamphiboles in the System Na2O-CaO-FeO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O-O,” J. Metamorph. Geol. 25, 631–656 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Ebadi and W. Johannes, “Beginning of Melting and Composition of First Melts in the System Qtz-Ab-Or-H2O-CO2,” Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 106, 286–295 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. I. C. W. Fitzsimons and S. L. Harley, “Garnet Coronas in Scapolite-Wollastonite Calc-Silicates from East Antarctica: the Application and Limitations of Activity-Corrected Grids,” J. Metamorph. Geol. 12, 761–777 (1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. S. N. Gavrikova and V. A. Zharikov, “Geochemical Features of Granitization of the Archean Rocks in the Eastern Transbaikalia,” Geokhimiya, No. 1, 26–49 (1984).

  10. S. N. Gavrikova, “Early Proterozoic Granitization in the Southern Aldan-Vitim Schield,” in Sketches of Physicochemical Petrology (Nauka, Moscow, 1987), No. 14, pp. 64–90 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  11. N. A. Grigor’ev, “Average Concentrations of Chemical Elements in Rocks of the Upper Continental Crust, Geokhimiya, No. 7, 785–799 (2003) [Geochem. Int. 41, 711–718 (2003)].

  12. A. J. Gunow, S. Ludington, J. L. Munoz, “Fluorine in Micas from the Henderson Molybdenit Deposit, Colorado,” Econ. Geol. 75, 1127–1137 1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Hand Book of Physical Constants, Ed. by S. P. Clarke (Geol. Soc. Amer. Mem. 97, 1966; Mir, Moscow, 1969).

  14. D. E. Harlov and E. C. Hansen, “Oxide and Sulphide Isograds along a Late Archean, Deep-Crustal Profile in Tamil Nadu, South India,” J. Metamorph. Geol. 23, 241–259 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. D. E. Harlov, R. C. Newton, E. C. Hansen, and A. S. Janardhan, “Oxide and Sulphide Minerals in Highly Oxidized, Rb-Depleted, Archaean Granulites of the Shevarov Hills Massif, South India: Oxidation States and the Role of Metamorphic Fluids,” J. Metamorph. Geol. 15, 701–717 (1997).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. P. Henderson, “Inorganic geochemistry,” (Pergamon press, Oxford, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  17. J. S. Huebner, “Buffering Techniques for Hydrostatic Systems at Elevated Pressures,” Ed. by G. C. Ulmer, in Research Techniques for High Pressure and High Temperature, (Springer, Heidelberg, 1971), pp. 123–177.

    Google Scholar 

  18. T. John, E. E. Scherer, K. Haase, and V. Schenk, “Trace Element Fractionation during Fluid-Induced Eclogitization in a Subducting Slab: Trace Element and Lu-Hf/Sm-Nd Isotope Systematics,” Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 227, 441–456 (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. J. Kestin, J. V. Sengers, B. Kamgar-Parsi, and J. M. H. Levelt Sengers, “Thermophysical Properties of fluid H2O,” J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 13, 175–183 (1984).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. L. I. Khodorevskaya and N. S. Gorbachev, “Experimental Study of Cu, Zn, Rb, Fe, and Cl Partitioning between Andesite and Aqueous—Chloride Fluid at high P–T Conditions,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk 332(5), 631–634 (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  21. L. I. Khodorevskaya, Extended Abstract of Doctoral Dissertation in Geology and Mineralogy (Mosk. Gos. Univ., Moscow, 2006).

    Google Scholar 

  22. S. P. Korikovsky and L. I. Khodorevskaya, “Granitization of Paleoproterozoic High-Pressure Metagabbro-Norites of the Belomorian Group in Gorelyi Island, Kandalaksha Bay Area, Baltic Shield,” Petrologiya, No. 5, 453–480 (2006) [Petrology 14, 423-451 (2006)].

  23. M. A. Korzhinskii, “Apatite Solid Solution as Indicator of HClo and HFo Fugacity in the Hydrothermal Fluid,” Geokhimiya, No. 5, 689–706 (1981).

  24. D. S. Korzhinsky, “Transmagmatic Flows of Subcrustal and their Role in Magmatism and Solutions,” in Crust and Upper Mantle (Nauka, Moscow, 1968), pp. 69-74 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  25. M. D. Krylova, I. S. Sedova, I. N. Krylov, et al., Evolution of the Matter during Ultrametamorphism (by the Example of the Precambrian of the East Siberia) (Nauka, Leningrad, 1972) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  26. K. Kullerud, K. Flaat, and B. Davidsen, “High Pressure Fluid-Rock Reactions Involving Cl-bearing Fluids in Lower-Crustal Ductile Shear Zones of the Flakstadoy Basic Complex, Lofoten, Norway,” J. Petrol. 42, 1349–1372 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. F. A. Letnikov, S. O. Balyshev, and V. V. Lashkevich, “Interrelations among the Processes of Granitization, Metamorphism, and Tectonics,” Geotektonika, No. 1, 3–22 (2000) [Geotectonics 34, 1–18 (2000)].

  28. V. I. Levitskii, Petrology and Geochemistry of Metasomatism during Formation of Continental Crust (Izd-vo “Geo”, Novosibirsk, 2005) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  29. S. D. Malinin, I. F. Kravchuk, and F. Del’bov, “Chlorine Partitioning between Phases in the “Dry” Systems of Chloride-Aluminosilicate Melt Type Depending on Phase Composition,” Geokhimiya, No. 1, 36–42 (1989).

  30. G. Markl and S. Piazolo, “Halogen-Bearing Minerals in Syenites and High-Grade Marbles of Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica: Monitors of Fluid Compositional Changes during Late-Magmatic Fluid-Rock Interaction Processes,” Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1998. V. 132. P. 246–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. R. Masters and J. J. Ague, “Regional-Scale Fluid flow and Element Mobility in Barrow’s Metamorphic Zones, Stonehaven, Scotland,” Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 150, 1–18 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. V. Mathavan and G. W. A. R. Fernando, “Reactions and Textures in Grossular-Wollastonite-Scapolite Calc-Silicate Granulites from Maligawila, Sri Lanka: Evidence for High-Temperature Isobaric Cooling in the Meta-Sediments of the Highland Complex,” Lithos 59, 217–232 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. P. F. McMillan, “Water Solubility,” in Volatiles in Magmas (Mineral. Soc. Amer., Washington, 1994), Rev. Mineral. 30, 131–156 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  34. C. I. Mora and J. W. Valley, “Halogen-Rich Scapolite and Biotite: Implication for Metamorphic Fluid-Rock Interaction,” Am. Mineral. 74, 721–737 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  35. J. L. Munoz, “F-OH and Cl-OH Exchange in Micas with Applications to Hydrothermal Deposits,” Mineral. Soc. Amer. Rev. Mineral. 13, 460–544 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  36. J. L. Munoz and A. Swenson, “Chloride-Hydroxyl Exchange in Biotite and Estimation of Relative HCl/HF Activities in Hydrothermal Fluids,” Econ. Geol. 76, 2212–2221 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. N. Nakamura, “Determination of REE, Ba, Fe, Mg, Na and K in the Carbonaceous and Ordinary Chondrites,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 38, 757–775 (1974).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. R. C. Newton and C. E. Manning, “Quartz Solubility in H2O-NaCl and H2O-CO2 Solutions at Deep Crust-Upper Mantle Pressures and Remperatures: 2–15 kbar and 500–900°C,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 64, 2993–3005 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. T. G. Nijland, J. B. Jansen, and C. Maijer, “Halogen Geochemistry of Fluid during Amphibolite-Granulite Metamorphism as Indicated by Apatite and Hydrous Silicates in Basic Rocks from the Bamble sector, South Norway,” Lithos 30, 167–189 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. N. H. S. Oliver, “Review and Classification of Structural Controls on Fluid Flow during Regional Metamorphism,” J. Metamorph. Geol. 14, 477–492 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. N. H. S. Oliver and P. D. Bons, “Mechanism of Fluid Flow and Fluid-Rock Interaction in Fossil Metamorphic Hydrothermal Systems Inferred from Vein-Wallrock Patterns, Geometry and Microstructure,” Geofluids 1, 137–162 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. T. Rushmer, “Partial Melting of two amphibolites: contrasting experimental results under fluid-absent conditions,” Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 107, 41–59 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. I. D. Ryabchikov, “Mobilization of Ore Matter by Mantle and Crustal Fluids,” in Endogenic Sources of Ore Material (Nauka, Moscow, 1987), pp. 89–103 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  44. M. W. Schmidt and S. Poli, “Experimentally Based Water Budgets for Dehydrating Slab and Consequences for Arc Magma Generations,” Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 163, 361–379 (1998).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. V. N. Sharapov and A. N. Cherepanov, Dynamics of Magma Differentiation (Nauka, Novosibirsk, 1986) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  46. E. V. Sharkov, I. S. Krassivskaya, and A. V. Chistyakov, “Dispersed Mafic-Ultramafic Intrusive Magmatism in Early Paleoproterozoic Mobile Zones of the Baltic Shield: An Example of the Belomorian Drusite (Coronite) Complex,” Petrologiya 12(6), 632–655 (2004) [Petrology 12, 561–582 (2004)].

    Google Scholar 

  47. Yu. G. Shcherbakov, “Geochemical Properties and Distribution of Elements in the Rocks,” Geol. Geofiz. 36(2), 80–91 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  48. T. F. Shcherbakova, Amphibolites of the Belomorian Complex and their Granitization (Nauka, Moscow, 1988) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  49. S. N. Shilobreeva, Candidate’s Dissertation in Geology and Mineralogy (GEOKhI AN SSSR, Moscow, 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  50. K. I. Shmulovich, G. Graham, B. W. D. Yardley, “Quartz, Albite and Diopside Solubilities in H2O-NaCl and H2O-CO2 Fluids at 0.5–0.9 GPa,” Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 141, 95–108 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  51. V. B. Sisson, “Halogen Geochemistry as an Indicator of Metamorphic Fluid Interaction with the Ponder Pluton, Coast Plutonic Complex, British Columbia, Canada,” Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 95, 123–131 (1987).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. A. G. Tomkins, “Three Mechanisms of Ore Re-Mobilization during Amphibolite Facies Metamorphism at the Montauban Zn-Pb-Au-Ag Deposit,” Mineral. Deposita 42, 627–637 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. J. W. Valley, S. R. Bohlen, E. J. Essene, and W. Lamb, “Metamorphism in the Adirondacks: II. The Role of Fluid,” J. Petrol. 31, 555–596 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  54. J. W. Valley and J. R. O’Neil, “Fluid Heterogeneity during Granulite Facies Metamorphism in the Adirondacks: Stable Isotopic Evidence,” Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 85, 158–173 (1984).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Y. Xiao, J. Hoefs, and A. Kronz, “Compositionally Zoned Cl-rich Amphiboles from North Dabie Shan, China: Monitor of High-Pressure Metamorphic Fluid/Rock Interaction Processes,” Lithos 81, 279–295 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. B. W. D. Yardley, “Apatite Composition and the Fugacities of HF and HCl in Metamorphic Fluids,” Mineral. Mag. 49, 77–79 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. T. Zack and T. John, “An Evaluation of Reactive Fluid Flow and Trace Element Mobility in Subducting Slabs,” Chem. Geol. 239, 199–216 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. C. Zhu and D. A. Sverjensky, “Partitioning of F-Cl-OH between Minerals and Hydrothermal Fluids,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55, 1837–1858 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Experimental Mineralogy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia

    L. I. Khodorevskaya

Authors
  1. L. I. Khodorevskaya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. I. Khodorevskaya.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © L.I. Khodorevskaya, 2009, published in Petrologiya, 2009, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 397–414.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Khodorevskaya, L.I. Fluid regime and the behavior of ore, trace, and rare-earth elements during granitization of metagabbro-norites of the Belomorian Group (Gorelyi Island, Kandalaksha Bay). Petrology 17, 371–388 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869591109040043

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869591109040043

Keywords

Search

Navigation