Abstract
The Hořava–Lifshitz mixmaster cosmological model near the cosmological singularity is presented as a generalized Euclidean Toda chain. Restricting to dominant vectors of the spectrum, we get a truncated model that qualitatively well describes the mixmaster model. The truncated model is associated with an affine Kac–Moody Lie algebra \(A_{2}^{+}\). According to the Adler–van Moerbeke criterion, the truncated Hamiltonian system is algebraically completely integrable.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS0202289324700087/MediaObjects/12267_2024_5209_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS0202289324700087/MediaObjects/12267_2024_5209_Fig2_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS0202289324700087/MediaObjects/12267_2024_5209_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS0202289324700087/MediaObjects/12267_2024_5209_Fig4_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS0202289324700087/MediaObjects/12267_2024_5209_Fig5_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS0202289324700087/MediaObjects/12267_2024_5209_Fig6_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS0202289324700087/MediaObjects/12267_2024_5209_Fig7_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS0202289324700087/MediaObjects/12267_2024_5209_Fig8_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS0202289324700087/MediaObjects/12267_2024_5209_Fig9_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. Hořava, “Quantum gravity at a Lifshitz point,” Phys. Rev. D 79, 084008 (2009).
D. E. Burlankov, “Hamiltonian dynamics of space,” Grav. Cosmol. 21, 175 (2015).
D. E. Burlankov, “Quantum dynamics of Friedmann’s universe,” Grav. Cosmol. 22, 64 (2016).
I. M. Khalatnikov and A. Yu. Kamenshchik, “Stochastic cosmology, perturbation theories and Lifshitz gravity,” Physics—Uspekhi 58, 878 (9) (2015).
I. Bakas, F. Bourliot, D. Lüst, and M. Petropoulos, “The mixmaster universe in Hořava–Lifshitz gravity,” Class. Quantum Grav. 27, 045013 (2010).
Y. Misonoh, Kei-ichi Maeda, and T. Kobayashi, “Oscillating Bianchi IX universe in Hořava–Lifshitz gravity,” Phys. Rev. D 84, 064030 (2011).
C. W. Misner, in Deterministic Chaos in General Relativity. Ed. D. Hobill (Plenum, NY, 1994).
W. M. Stuckey, L. Witten, and B. Stewart, “Dynamics of the mixmaster-type vacuum universe with geometry \(R\times S^{3}\times S^{3}\times S^{3}\),” Gen. Rel. Grav. 22, 1321 (1990).
S. V. Kovalevskaya, Scientific Papers (USSR Academy, Moscow, 1948).
M. Adler and P. van Moerbeke, “Kowalewski’s asymptotic method, Kac–Moody Lie algebras and regularization,” Commun. Math. Phys. 83, 83 (1982).
M. Henon, “Integrals of the Toda lattice,” Phys. Rev. B 9, 1921 (1974).
H. Flaschka, “The Toda lattice. II. Existence of integrals,” Phys. Rev. B 9, 1924 (1974).
S. V. Manakov, “Complete integrability and stochastization of discrete dynamical systems,” Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 67, 543 (1974).
Ph. Griffiths and J. Harris, Principles of Algebraic Geometry (Wiley—Interscience, New York, 1978).
V. Belinski and M. Henneaux, The Cosmological Singularity (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018).
A. E. Pavlov, Hamiltonian Dynamics of Gravitational Systems (URSS, Moscow, 2023).
V. Kac, Infinite Dimensional Lie Algebras (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006).
O. I. Bogoyavlenskii, Methods in the Qualitative Theory of Dynamical Systems in Astrophysics and Gas Dynamics (Springer, New York, 1985).
A. E. Pavlov, “Hidden symmetries in a mixmaster-type universe,” Grav. Cosmol. 25, 18 (2019).
A. E. Pavlov, “Mixmaster model associated to a Borcherds algebra,” Grav. Cosmol. 23, 20 (2017).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to participants of 6th International Winter School—Seminar on Gravity, Cosmology, and Astrophysics “Petrov School” for fruitful discussion.
Funding
This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note.
Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pavlov, A.E., Gaidar, S.M. Birkhoff Integrability of Truncated Hořava–Lifshitz Mixmaster Model near the Cosmological Singularity. Gravit. Cosmol. 30, 189–196 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0202289324700087
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0202289324700087