Abstract
Atomic force microscopy is used to study the nanostructured state of a number of Nd2Fe14B alloys. The starting alloys are synthesized in an argon atmosphere using an induction furnace. The nanostructured state of the Nd2Fe14B alloys is reached by two techniques, namely, severe plastic deformation and melt quenching; combined treatment, which includes severe plastic deformation of melt-quenched ribbons and subsequent annealing, is also used. The surface morphology of all studied samples is studied. These are used to interpret the magnetic hysteretic properties of the samples prepared by the different techniques.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
J. F. Herbst, “R2Fe14B materials: Intrinsic properties and technological aspects,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 63, 819–898 (1991).
A. S. Lileev, A. A. Parilov, M. Reissner, and W. Steiner, “Influence of the spin-reorientation transition on the hysteresis characteristics of Nd–Fe–B film and bulk magnets,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 270, 152–156 (2004).
Y. G. Pastushenkov, N. P. Suponev, T. Dragon, and H. Kronmüller, “The magnetic domain structure of Fe14Nd2B single crystals between 135 and 4 K and the low-temperature magnetization reversal process in Fe14Nd2B permanent magnets,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 196 (Suppl. C), 856–858 (1999).
S. A. Nikitin, I. S. Tereshina, N. Y. Pankratov, T. Palewski, H. Drulis, M. V. Makarova, and Y. G. Pastushenkov, “Effect of hydrogen on the magnetic characteristics of Nd2Fe14B single crystal”, Physica Status Solidi A 196 (1), 317–320 (2003).
D. Haskel, J. C. Lang, Z. Islam, A. Cady, G. Srajer, M. van Veenendaal, and P. C. Caneld, “Atomic origin of magnetocrystalline anisotropy in Nd2Fe14B,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 217207 (2005).
V. V. Stolyrov, D. V. Gunderov, R. Z. Valiev, A. G. Popov, V. S. Gaviko, and A. S. Ermolenko, “Metastable states in R 2Fe14B-based alloys processed by severe plastic deformation,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 196–197, 166–168 (1999).
P. Wolfers, M. Bacmann, and D. Fruchart, “Single crystal neutron diffraction investigations of the crystal and magnetic structure of R2Fe14B (R = Y, Nd, Ho, Er),” J. Alloys Comp. 317–318, 39–43 (2001).
E. A. Tereshina, I. S. Tereshina, S. A. Nikitin, G. S. Burkhanov, O. D. Chistyakov, I. V. Telegina, V. A. Belousova, T. Palewski, and H. Drulis, “Effect of hydrogenation on the magnetic properties of the intermetallic compound Er2Fe14B with single-crystal and nanocrystalline structures,” Phys. Solid State 50 (1), 56–62 (2008).
C. Pique, R. Burriel, and J. Bartolome, “Spin-reorientation phase transitions in R2Fe14B (R = Y, Nd, Ho, Er, Tm) investigated by heat capacity measurements,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 154, 71–82 (1996).
G. S. Burkhanov, I. S. Tereshina, G. A. Politova, I. A. Pelevin, Yu. S. Koshkid’ko, M. A. Paukov, and H. Drulis, “Magnetocaloric effect in hydrogen-doped Nd2Fe14B и Er2Fe14B intermetallic compounds,” Dokl. Acad. Nauk, 472 (2), 268–271 (2017).
Y. Matsuura, “Recent development of Nd–Fe–B sintered magnets and their applications,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 303, 344–347 (2006).
O. Gutfleisch, M. A. Willard, E. Bruck, C. H. Chen, S. G. Sankar, and J. P. Liu, “Magnetic materials and devices for the 21st century: Stronger, lighter, and more energy efficient,” Advanced Mater. 23 (7), 821–842 (2011).
Yu. D. Yagodkin, A. S. Lileev, J. V. Lyubina, E. N. Shin-garev, V. A. Glebov, and V. S. Nefedov, “Structure and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline alloys based on Nd2Fe14B obtained by various techniques,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 258–259, 586–589 (2003).
N. M. Dempsey, A. Walther, F. May, D. Givord, K. Khlopkov, and O. Gutfleisch, “High performance hard magnetic NdFeB thick films for integration into micro-electromechanical systems,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 092509 (2007).
B. B. Straumal, A. R. Kilmametov, A. A. Mazilkin, S. G. Protasova, K. I. Kolesnikova, P. B. Straumal, and B. Baretzky, “Amorphization of Nd–Fe–B alloy under the action of high-pressure torsion,” Mater. Lett. 145, 63–66 (2015).
I. S. Tereshina, N. V. Kudrevatykh, L. A. Ivanov, G. A. Politova, E. A. Tereshina, D. Gorbunov, M. Doerr, and K. Rogacki, “Magnetic properties of the nanocrystalline Nd–Ho–Fe–Co–B alloy at low temperatures: the influence of time and annealing,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 26 (10), 4676–4680 (2017).
I. S. Tereshina, I. A. Pelevin, E. A. Tereshina, G. S. Burkhanov, K. Rogacki, M. Miller, N. V. Kudrevatykh, P. E. Markin, A. S. Volegov, R. M. Grechishkin, S. V. Dobatkin, and L. Schultz, “Magnetic hysteresis properties of nanocrystalline (Nd, Ho)–(Fe, Co)–B alloy after melt spinning, severe plastic deformation, and subsequent heat treatment,” J. Alloys Comp. 681 555–560 (2016).
I. A. Pelevin, I. S. Tereshina, G. S. Burkhanov, S. V. Dobatkin, T. P. Kaminskaya, D. Yu. Karpenkov, A. Zaleski, and E. A. Tereshina, “Development of nanostructured magnetic materials based on high-purity rare-earth metals and study of their fundamental characteristics,” Fiz. Tverd. Tela 56 (9), 1718–1724 (2014).
H. Kronmüller and S. S. P. Parkin, “General micromagnetic theory,” in Handbook on Magnetism and Advanced Magnetic Material. Vol. 2 Micromagnetism (Wiley, Hoboken, 2007).
V. L. Mironov, Fundamentals of Scanning Probe Microscopy (Institut Fiziki Mikrostructur RAN, Nizhny Novgorod, 2004).
S. M. Minakova, Yu. D. Yagodkin, A. S. Lileev., V. A. Glebov, V. S. Nefedov, and O. I. Popova, “Structure and properties of amorphous–crystalline alloys of the Nd–Fe–B system,” Met. Sci. Heat Treatment 46 (5–6), 203–205 (2004).
I. V. Yaminskii and D. V. Bagrov, Fundamentals of Atomic Force Microscopy (NOU DPO Institut AiTi, 2011).
J. Jakubowicz, “Application of atomic force microscopy in microstructure analysis of mechanically alloyed Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe-type nanocomposites,” J. Alloys Comp. 351, 196–201 (2003).
N. V. Andreeva, A. V. Filimonov, A. I. Rudskoi, G. S. Burkhanov, I. S. Tereshina, G. A. Politova, and I. A. Pelevin, “A study of nanostructure magnetosolid Nd–Ho–Fe–Co–B materials via atomic force microscopy and magnetic force microscopy,” Phys. Solid State 58 (9), 1862–1869 (2016).
N. Pankratov, S. Nikitin, W. Iwasieczko, H. Drulis, K. Skokov, Y. Pastushenkov, N. Harutjunjan, J. Lyubina, O. Gutfleisch, A. Handstein, and K.-H. Miller, “Spin-reorientation transitions in Nd2(Fe,Co)14B compounds and their hydrides,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 300 (1), E465–E468 (2006).
I. S. Tereshina, A. V. Andreev, H. Drulis, and E. A. Tereshina, “Effect of hydrogen on magnetic properties of Lu2Fe14B single crystal,” J. Alloys Comp. 404–406, 212–215 (2005).
E. Tereshina, I. Tereshina, G. Burkhanov, and S. Dobatkin, “Nanocrystalline structure formation and magnetic hysteresis properties in Y–Fe–Co–B alloys,” Review Adv. Mater. Sci. 25 (1), 82–87 (2010).
G. A. Politova, I. S. Tereshina, D. I. Gorbunov, M. A. Paukov, A. V. Andreev, R. M. Grechishkin, and K. Rogackii, “Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of single crystal (Nd0.5Pr0.5)2Fe14B,” J. Alloys Comp. 751, 283–288 (2018).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 16-33-60226mol-a-dk) and was performed in terms of state assignment of FASO of the Russian Federation (no. 007-00129-18-00).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Translated by N. Kolchugina
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Politova, G.A., Tereshina, I.S., Kaminskaya, T.P. et al. Atomic-Force Microscopic Study of the Surface Morphology of the Nd2Fe14B Alloys Prepared by Various Techniques. Russ. Metall. 2018, 859–866 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029518090100
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029518090100