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Phylogeography, genetic isolation, and migration of deep-sea fishes in the South Atlantic

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Abstract

According to the comparative analysis of spatial patterns of the genetic variation at cox1 mtDNA in bathy- and mesopelagic fish (Myctophidae, Sternoptychidae, Gonostomatidae, Phosichthydae) inhabiting the South Atlantic the species under study are divided into two groups. The division takes place at the levels of families, subfamilies, and genera. The first group (“migrants”) is characterized by low indices of genetic diversity and lack of spatial divergence. In the second group (“resident” species), the genetic diversity is much higher and haplotypes are segregated into separate clades with a clear regional localization (on the scale <400 km). The main barrier for genetic migration coincides with the hydrographic boundary between the subtropical gyre and the South Equatorial Current at depths below 400 m. The considered mechanisms for passive transfer regulation use vertical physical factors, which are associated primarily with adaptations of the species to different trophic niches. It is assumed that “migrants,” which are probably less specialized species, may take advantage of the passive transfer for better spreading along their ranges, while in “resident” species, restricted migration may help to preserve local adaptations in populations. A deep spatial genetic divergence, considering the previously detected ecomorphological heterogeneity, allows one to treat some “resident” species as polytypic and to advance the taxonomy rank of certain populations.

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  1. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Gubkina 3, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    N. V. Gordeeva

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Original Russian Text © N.V. Gordeeva, 2014, published in Voprosy Ikhtiologii, 2014, Vol. 54, No. 6, pp. 654–671.

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Gordeeva, N.V. Phylogeography, genetic isolation, and migration of deep-sea fishes in the South Atlantic. J. Ichthyol. 54, 642–659 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S003294521406006X

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