Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Analysis of Geomagnetic and Geoelectric Fields During Geomagnetic Storm Time Variation Using Wavelet Approach

  • Published:
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Geomagnetic storms occur due to solar wind-magnetosphere couplings which are amplified by solar wind disturbances (coronal mass ejection phenomena) that are accompanied by southward turning of interplanetary magnetic field (Bz). The geomagnetic disturbance of 17 March 2015 is caused by a coronal mass ejection (CME) of solar cycle 24 with lowest disturbance storm time (Dst) value of –223 nT is explored. The impact of CME was extensively examined using the geoelectric field (EH), time derivatives of the north (dX/dt), east (dY/dt) and vertical (dZ/dt) components of the geomagnetic field across ten geomagnetic observatories. The amplitudes of dX/dt, dY/dt and dZ/dt in the auroral zone are higher than those in the sub-auroral zone during the disturbed conditions. Wavelet power spectrum (WPS) techniques are used to examine the variation of EH and dZ/dt at both auroral zone and sub-auroral zone. The result shows that high latitude of the geomagnetic stations (BJN and MAS) demonstrate larger amplitude of the wavelet coefficients, while for lower geomagnetic stations (OUJ and PEL) display low wavelet coefficients of geomagnetic storms observed on 17 March 2015. It was noticed that the huge dZ/dt is noticed during nighttime due to a global scale equatorial zonal electric field during the geomagnetic disturbance. This validates the concepts of penetration of charged particles and significant transfer of energy to the magnetosphere at high latitudes, which are considered by the phenomena that lead to high coefficients of wavelet power spectrum.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Adam, A., Prácser, E., and Wesztergom, V., Estimation of the electric resistivity distribution (EURHOM) in the European lithosphere in the frame of the EURISGIC WP2 project, Acta Geod. Geophys. Hung., 2012, vol. 47, pp. 377–387. https://doi.org/10.1556/AGeod.47.2012.4.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Boteler, D., Pirjola, R., and Nevanlinna, H.T., The effects of geomagnetic disturbances on electrical systems at the Earth’s surface, Adv. Space Res., 1998, vol. 22, pp. 17–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Castillo, E., Morales, D.P., Botella, G., Garcia, A., Parrilla, L., and Palma, A.J., Efficient wavelet-based ECG processing for single-lead FHR extraction, Digital Signal Process., 2013, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 1897–1909.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Echer, E. and Gonzalez, W.D., Geoeffectiveness of interplanetary shocks magnetic clouds, sector boundary crossings and their combined occurrence, J. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2004, vol. 31, no. 9. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL019199

  5. Falayi, E.O., Adebesin, B.O., and Bolaji, O.S., The impact of coronal mass ejection on the horizontal geomagnetic fields and the induced geoelectric fields, Adv. Space Res., 2018a, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 985–1003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Falayi, E.O., Adepitan, J.O., and Oyebanjo, O.A., Geomagnetic field H, Z, and electromagnetic induction features of coronal mass ejections in association with geomagnetic storm at African longitudes, Can. J. Phys., 2018b, vol. 96, no. 6, pp. 654–663. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2017-0460

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Falayi, E.O., Adewole, A.T., Adelaja, A.D., Ogundile, O.O., and Roy-Layinde, T.O., Study of nonlinear time series and wavelet power spectrum analysis using solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices, NRIAG J. Astron. Geophys., 2020, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 226–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/20909977.2020.1728866

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Grossman, A. and Morlet, J., Decomposition of Hardy functions into square integrable wavelets of constant shape, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 1984, vol. 15, pp. 723–736.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Han, X.H. and Chang, X.M., An intelligent noise reduction method for chaotic signals based on genetic algorithms and lifting wavelet transforms, Inf. Sci., 2013, vol. 218, pp. 103–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. International Monitor for Auroral Geomagnetic Effects (IMAGE), 2015. http://space.fmi.fi/image/www/index.php.

  11. Kamide, Y. and Kusano, K., No major solar flares but the largest geomagnetic storm in the present solar cycle, Space Weather, 2015, vol. 13, pp. 365–367. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015SW001213.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kamide, Y., Yokoyama, N., Gonzalez, W., Tsurutani, B.T., Daglis, I.A., Brekke, A., and Masuda, S., Two-step development of geomagnetic storms, J. Geophys. Res., 1998, vol. 103, pp. 6917– 6922. https://doi.org/10.1029/97JA03337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Kataoka, R., Shiota, D., Kilpua, E., and Keika, K., Pileup accident hypothesis of magnetic storm on 17 March 2015, J. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2015, vol. 42, no. 13, pp. 5155–5161. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064816

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Katsuhide, M., Kyung-Suk, C., Rok-Soon, K., Sujin, K., Sung-Hong, P., and Hiromitsu, I., The 17 March 2015 storm: The associated magnetic flux rope structure and the storm development, Earth, Planets Space, 2016, vol. 68, id 173.

  15. Liu, Y.D., Luhmann, J.G., Kajdič, P., Kilpua, E.K.J., Lugaz, N., Nitta, N.V., Möstl, C., Lavraud, B., Bale, S.D., Farrugia, C.J., and Galvin, A.B., Observations of an extreme storm in interplanetary space caused by successive coronal mass ejections, Nat. Commun., 2014, vol. 5, id 3481. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4481

  16. Liu, Y.D., Hu, H., Wang, R., Yang, Z., Zhu, B., Liu, Y., Luhmann, J.G., and Richardson, J.D., Plasma and magnetic field characteristics of solar coronal mass ejections in relation to geomagnetic storm intensity and variability, Astron. J. Lett., 2015, vol. 809, no. 2, pp. 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  17. McAllister, A.H. and Crooker, N.U., Coronal mass ejections, corotating interaction regions, and geomagnetic storms, in Coronal Mass Ejections, Crooker, N., Joselyn, J.A., and Feynman, J., Eds., Washington, DC: Am. Geophys. Union, 1997, vol. 99, pp. 279–289. https://doi.org/10.1029/GM099p0279.

  18. Myllys, M., Viljanen, A., Rui, O., and Magne Ohnstad, T., Geomagnetically induced current in Norway: The northern most high voltage power grid in the world, J. Space Weather Space Clim., 2014, vol. 4, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2014007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. NASA, Interface to produce plots, listings or output files from OMNI, 2015. http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/html/omni_min_data.html.

  20. Piersanti, M., Alberti, T., Bemporad, A., Berrilli, F., Bruno, R., Capparelli, V., Carbone, V., Consolini, G., Cristaldi, A., Del Corpo, A., Del Moro, D., Di Matteo, S., Ermolli, I., Fineschi, S., Giannattasio, F., et al., Comprehensive Sun-to-Earth analysis of the geoeffective solar event of June 21, 2015: Effects on the magnetosphere–plasmasphere–ionosphere system, Sol. Phys., 2017, vol. 292, id 169.

  21. Ram, S.T., Yokoyama, T., Otsuka, Y., Shiokawa, K., Sripathi, S., Veenadhari, B., Heelis, R., Ajith, K.K., Gowtam, V.S., Gurubaran, S., Supnithi, P., and Le Huy, M., Duskside enhancement of equatorial zonal electric field response to convection electric fields during the St. Patrick’s Day storm on 17 March 2015, J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 2015, vol. 121, pp. 538–548.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ramsingh, Sripathi, S., Sreeba, S., Banola, S., Emperumal, K., Tiwari, P., and Burudu, S.K., Low-latitude ionosphere response to Super geomagnetic storm of 17/18 march 2015: Results from a chain of ground-based observations over Indian sector, J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 2015, vol. 120, pp. 10 864–10 882. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Rangarajan, G.K., Indices of Geomagnetic Activity in Geomagnetism, London: Academic, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Sugiura, M., Hourly Values of Equatorial Dst for the IGY, Oxford, UK: Pergamon, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Tsurutani, B.T., Gonzalez, W.D., Tang, F., Akasofu, S.I., and Smith, E.J., Origin of interplanetary southward magnetic fields responsible for major magnetic storms near solar maximum (1978–1979), J. Geophys. Res., 1988, vol. 93, pp. 8519–8531.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Tsurutani, B.T. and Gonzalez, W.D., The interplanetary causes of magnetic storms: A review, in Magnetic Storms, Tsurutani, B.T., Gonzalez, W.D., Kamide, Y., and Arballo, J.K., Eds., Washington, DC: Am. Geophys. Union, 1997, vol. 98, pp. 77–89. https://doi.org/10.1029/GM098p0077.

  27. Viljanen, A., Nevanlinna, H., Pajunpaa, K., and Pulkki-nen, A., Time derivatives of the horizontal geomagnetic field as an activity indicator, Ann. Geophys., 2001, vol. 19, pp. 1107–1118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Viljanen, A., Pirjola, R., Prácser, E., Katkalov, J., and Wik, M., Continental scale modeling of geomagnetically induced currents, J. Space Weather Space Clim., 2014, vol. 4, id A09. https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2014006

  29. Wang, Y.M., Zhou, Z., Shen, C., Lui, R., and Wang, S., Investigating plasma motion of magnetic clouds at 1 AU through a velocity-modified cylindrical force free flux tope model, J. Geophys. Res., 2015, vol. 120, pp. 1543–1565.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Weigel, R.S., Klimas, A., and Vassiliadis, D., Solar wind coupling to and predictability of ground magnetic field and their time derivatives, J. Geophys. Res., 2003, vol. 108, no. A7.

  31. Wintoft, P., Study of the solar wind coupling to the time difference horizontal geomagnetic field, Ann. Geophys., 2005, vol. 23, pp. 1949–1957.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Wu, C.-C. and Lepping, R.P., Geomagnetic activity associated with magnetic clouds, magnetic cloud-like structures and interplanetary shocks for the period 1995–2003, Adv. Space Res., 2008, vol. 41, pp. 335–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Wu, C.-C. and Lepping, R.P., Relationships among geomagnetic storms, interplanetary shocks, magnetic clouds, and sunspot number during 1995–2012, Sol. Phys., 2016, vol. 291, pp. 265–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLENGMENTS

The authors acknowledge the International Monitor for Auroral Geomagnetic Effects (IMAGE) (http://space.fmi.fi/ image/www/index.php), for the provision of the geomagnetic field and the Flight Center Space Physics Data Facility (GSFC/SPDF), OMNIWEB interface (https://omniweb. gsfc.nasa.gov/form/omni_min.html), for the provision of SW, Psw, Bz, SYM-H, AU, and AL. The conductivity structure of Europe 1D/2D models and conductance obtained from http;//real.mtak.hu/2957.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Nigeria

    E. O. Falayi & J. O. Adepitan

  2. Department of Computer Science, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Nigeria

    O. O. Ogundile

  3. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa

    O. O. Ogundile

Authors
  1. E. O. Falayi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. O. Adepitan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. O. Ogundile
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to E. O. Falayi, J. O. Adepitan or O. O. Ogundile.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Falayi, E.O., Adepitan, J.O. & Ogundile, O.O. Analysis of Geomagnetic and Geoelectric Fields During Geomagnetic Storm Time Variation Using Wavelet Approach. Geomagn. Aeron. 62, 482–494 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793222040077

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793222040077

Keywords:

Search

Navigation