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Isolation, identification, and antifungal activity of a Gamair complex formed by Bacillus subtilis M-22, a producer of a biopreparation for plant protection from mycoses and bacterioses

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Abstract

A metabolic complex, Gamair, has been isolated from Bacillus subtilis strain M-22, a producer of a biopreparation for plant protection from diseases of various etiologies. Gamair was shown to possess a broad spectrum of activity against phytopathogenic bacteria (including Pseudomonas corrugata, Erwinia carotovora, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, and Xantomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria), and fungi (Fusarium, Verticullum, Ascochyta, Colletotrichum, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia, Septoria, and other genera). Using NMR and IR spectroscopy, it was shown that the complex of active compounds is a mixture of the following fractions: Gamair A (close to bacillin), and Gamair B-D (mediocin type hexaene-like) antibiotics. The chemical and biological properties of the above fractions were investigated. In field trials using tomato plants, it was demonstrated that the biological efficacy of Gamair against bacterial wilt, stem core necrosis, and vegetable's mild rot reached 70–90%, whereas the harvest increase was 25-35%.

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Abbreviations

amu.:

atomic mass units

HPLC:

high performance liquid chromatography

HMS:

hexamethylsilane

DMSO:

dimethylsulphoxide

DMSO-d6 :

deuterated dimethylsulphoxide

IR:

infrared spectroscopy

CF:

culture fluid

CC:

column chromatography

ppm:

part per million

BEA:

beef extract agar

BEB:

beef extract broth

MIC:

minimal inhibitory concentration

WP:

wettable powder

DNA:

dry nutrient agar

TLC:

thin layer chromatography

UV:

ultraviolet

NMR:

nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Rf:

correlation between substance path and solvent path

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. All-Russia Research Institute for Plant Protection, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196608, Russia

    I. I. Novikova & Yu. D. Shenin

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  1. I. I. Novikova
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  2. Yu. D. Shenin
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Correspondence to I. I. Novikova.

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Original Russian Text © I.I. Novikova, Yu.D. Shenin, 2011, published in Biotekhnologiya, 2011, No. 2, pp. 45–37.

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Novikova, I.I., Shenin, Y.D. Isolation, identification, and antifungal activity of a Gamair complex formed by Bacillus subtilis M-22, a producer of a biopreparation for plant protection from mycoses and bacterioses. Appl Biochem Microbiol 47, 817–826 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0003683811090031

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