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Ice nucleation and frost resistance of Pinus canariensis seedlings bearing needles in three different developmental states

Nucléation de glace et résistance au froid de semis de Pinus canariensis portant des aiguilles à trois différents stades de développement

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Abstract

Frost resistance and ice formation in different developmental states of needles of P. canariensis seedlings were assessed. Regrowth after frost damage was used to determine the overall frost survival capacity. Two distinct freezing exotherms (E1, E2) were registered. E1 was between −1.7 and −2.0 °C. Initial frost damage (LT10) was 1.5–2.7 °C below E1. E2 was between −5.6 and −6.0 °C, and either corresponded with LT50 or occurred in between LT10 and LT50. Current year needles were less frost resistant than 1-year-old needles. The overall recuperation capacity of seedlings revealed that frost survival may be underestimated when only needle damage is assessed. Freezing of seedlings with or without roots had no effect on the frost resistance of needles but recuperation capacity was significantly affected. Seedlings survived −10 °C during summer indicating that they withstand the lowest naturally occurring frosts in Tenerife.

Résumé

La résistance au froid et la formation de glace dans des aiguilles à différents stades de développement ont été déterminées chez des semis de Pinus canariensis. La repousse après les dommages du froid a été utilisée pour déterminer l’ensemble de la capacité de résistance au froid. Deux exothermes de congélation (E1, E2) ont été enregistrés. E1 était entre −1,7 et −2,0 °C. Les premiers dommages du froid (LT10) ont été constatés entre 1,5 et 2,7 °C sous E1. E2 était entre −5,6 et −6,0 °C et soit correspondait à LT50 ou arrivait entre LT10 et LT50. Les aiguilles de l’année en cours ont été moins résistantes au froid que les aiguilles âgées de 1 an. La capacité de récupération globale des semis a révélé que la survie au froid pouvait être sous estimée quand on détermine seulement les dommages subis par les feuilles. La congélation des semis avec ou sans racines n’a pas eu d’effet sur la résistance au froid des aiguilles, mais la capacité de récupération a été significativement affectée. Les semis ont survécu à −10 °C pendant l’été indiquant qu’ils étaient capables de résister aux basses températures qui se produisent à Ténérife.

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Abbreviations

LT10 :

Temperature at 10% frost damage

LT50 :

Temperature at 50% frost damage

LT100 :

Temperature at 100% frost damage

E1:

High temperature freezing exotherm

E2:

Low temperature freezing exotherm

ΦPSII:

Photochemical Efficiency of Photosystem II

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38207, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain

    Vanessa C. Luis & María Soledad Jiménez

  2. Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Dunja Taschler, Juergüen Hacker & Gilbert Neuner

  3. Alpine Timberline Ecophysiology, Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape, Rennweg 1, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Gerhard Wieser

Authors
  1. Vanessa C. Luis
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  2. Dunja Taschler
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  3. Juergüen Hacker
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  4. María Soledad Jiménez
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  5. Gerhard Wieser
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  6. Gilbert Neuner
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Correspondence to Vanessa C. Luis.

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Luis, V.C., Taschler, D., Hacker, J. et al. Ice nucleation and frost resistance of Pinus canariensis seedlings bearing needles in three different developmental states. Ann. For. Sci. 64, 177–182 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006102

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006102

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