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Photobiomodulation prevents DNA fragmentation of alveolar epithelial cells and alters the mRNA levels of caspase 3 and Bcl-2 genes in acute lung injury

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Abstract

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury (ALI) are defined as pulmonary inflammation that could occur from sepsis and lead to pulmonary permeability and alveolar edema making them life-threatening diseases. Photobiomodulation (PBM) properties have been widely described in the literature in several inflammatory diseases; although the mechanisms of action are not always clear, this could be a possible treatment for ARDS/ALI. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the mRNA levels from caspase-3 and BCL-2 genes and DNA fragmentation in lung tissue from Wistar rats affected by ALI and subjected to photobiomodulation by exposure to a low power infrared laser (808 nm; 100 mW; 3.571 W cm−2; four points per lung). Adult male Wistar rats were randomized into 6 groups (n = 5, for each group): control, PBM10 (10 J cm−2, 2 J and 2 seconds), PBM20 (20 J cm−2, 5 J and 5 seconds), ALI, ALI + PBM10 and ALI + PBM20. ALI was induced by intraperitoneal Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide injection. Lung samples were collected and divided for mRNA expression of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 and DNA fragmentation quantifications. Data show that caspase-3 mRNA levels are reduced and Bcl-2 mRNA levels increased in ALI after low power infrared laser exposure when compared to the non-exposed ALI group. DNA fragmentation increased in inflammatory infiltrate cells and reduced in alveolar cells. Our research shows that photobiomodulation can alter relative mRNA levels in genes involved in the apoptotic process and DNA fragmentation in inflammatory and alveolar cells after lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Also, inflammatory cell apoptosis is part of the photobiomodulation effects induced by exposure to a low power infrared laser.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação Carlos Chagas de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG).

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  1. Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil

    Luiz Philippe da Silva Sergio, Andrezza Maria Côrtes Thomé, Andre Luiz Mencalha & Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca

  2. Laboratório de Biomorfologia e Patologia Experimental, Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Aplicadas em Saúde, Universidade Severino Sombra, Avenida Expedicionário Oswaldo de Almeida Ramos, 280, Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro, 27700000, Brazil

    Larissa Alexsandra da Silva Neto Trajano

  3. Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Khelmer–s/n, Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036900, Brazil

    Flávia de Paoli

  4. Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro, 20211040, Brazil

    Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca

  5. Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Avenida Alberto Torres, 111, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25964004, Brazil

    Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca

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  1. Luiz Philippe da Silva Sergio
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  2. Andrezza Maria Côrtes Thomé
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da Silva Sergio, L.P., Côrtes Thomé, A.M., da Silva Neto Trajano, L.A. et al. Photobiomodulation prevents DNA fragmentation of alveolar epithelial cells and alters the mRNA levels of caspase 3 and Bcl-2 genes in acute lung injury. Photochem Photobiol Sci 17, 975–983 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1039/c8pp00109j

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