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Photophysical, electrochemical characteristics and cross-linking of STAT-3 protein by an efficient bifunctional agent for fluorescence image-guided photodynamic therapy

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Abstract

The photophysical, electrochemical and spectroscopic characteristics of a conjugate of 3-devinyl-3-(1′-hexyloxyethyl)pyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) and a cyanine dye have been investigated both as a linked conjugate and as individual components. A photoexcitation of the HPPH moiety of the conjugate results in electron transfer from the singlet excited state of HPPH (1HPPH*) to the cyanine dye as well as that from the cyanine dye to 1HPPH* and is followed in both cases by facile back electron transfer to the ground state as indicated by time-resolved fluorescence and transient absorption measurements. Intersystem crossing to the triplet excited state (3HPPH*) competes with the electron transfer and 3HPPH* is quenched by oxygen to produce singlet oxygen (1O2), leading to specific covalent cross-linking of the nonactivated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT-3). In contrast to excitation of the HPPH moiety, photoexcitation of the cyanine dye unit results in a strong emission at 875 nm, which can be used for efficient tumor imaging. Compared to HPPH alone, the presence of the cyanine dye moiety in the conjugate produces a significantly higher uptake in tumors than in skin. Thus, the HPPH-cyanine dye conjugate can be used as a dual tumor imaging and photodynamic therapy agent.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Photodynamic Therapy Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA

    Yihui Chen, Suresh K. Pandey & Ravindra K. Pandey

  2. Department of Material and Life Sciences, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Kei Ohkubo & Shunichi Fukuzumi

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77204-5003, USA

    Min Zhang, E. Wenbo & Karl M. Kadish

  4. Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA

    Weiguo Liu & Allan Oseroff

  5. Department of Neurosurgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA

    Michael Ciesielski

  6. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA

    Heinz Baumann, Tracy Erin & Robert Fenstermaker

  7. Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA

    Ravindra K. Pandey

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  1. Yihui Chen
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  2. Kei Ohkubo
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Correspondence to Ravindra K. Pandey.

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Chen, Y., Ohkubo, K., Zhang, M. et al. Photophysical, electrochemical characteristics and cross-linking of STAT-3 protein by an efficient bifunctional agent for fluorescence image-guided photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 6, 1257–1267 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1039/b710395f

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