Abstract
The present study shows that vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in plants grown in saline-alkali soil is host dependent and it is significantly affected by various amendments given to reclaim such soils. Maximum reduction in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization was observed in the plants raised in saline-alkali soil amended with gypsum and maximum colonization was observed after plant-growth promoting rhizobacterium or farm yard manure amendments. Plants possessing high level of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization (50–70%) included Acacia nilotica, Albizia lebbeck and Dalbergia sissoo. Casuarina equisetifolia possessed moderate level of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae colonization (30–50%) and Azadirachta indica possessed low level of colonization (20–40%).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abrol, I.P., Dahiya, I.S. & Bhumbla, D.R. 1975 On the methods of determining gypsum requirement of soils. Soil Science 120(1), 30–36.
Azcon, R. 1987 Germination and hyphal growth of Glomus mosseae in vitro: effects of rhizosphere bacteria and cell-free culture media. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 19, 417–419.
Barea, J.M., Navarro, E. & Montoya, E. 1976 Production of plant growth regulator by rhizosphere phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 40, 129–135.
Ferguson, J.J. & Woodhead, S.H. 1982 Production of endomycorrhizal inoculum. Increase and Maintenance of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In Methods and Principles of Mycorrhizal Research, ed. Schenck, N.C. Minnesota, U.S.A: APS. ISBN No. 0-89054-46-2-X.
Furlan, V. & Cardou, M. Bernier. 1989 Effects of N, P and K on formation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae, growth and mineral content of onion. Plant and Soil 113, 167–174.
Gibson, F. & Deacon, J.W. 1990 Establishment of ectomycorrhizas in aseptic culture: effects of glucose, nitrogen and phosphorus in relation to succession. Mycological Research 94, 166–172.
Gould, A.B., Hendrix, J.W. & Richard, S.F. 1996 Relationship of mycorrhizal activity to time following reclamation of surface mine land in western Kentucky. 1. Propagule and spore population densities. Canadian Journal of Botany 74, 247–261.
Graham, J.H., Leonard, R.T. & Menge, J.A. 1981 Membranemediated decrease in root exudation responsible for phosphorus inhibition of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae formation. Plant Physiology 68, 548–552.
Harinikumar, K.M. & Bagyaraj, D.J. 1989 Effect of cropping sequence, fertilizers and farmyard manure on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different crops over three consecutive seasons. Biology and Fertility of Soils 7, 173–175.
Hepper, C.M. 1983 The effect of nitrate and phosphate on the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection of lettuce. New Phytologist 93, 389–399.
Jasper, D.A., Robson, A.D. & Abbott, L.K. 1979 Phosphorus and the formation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 11, 501.
Jensen, A. & Jakobson, I. 1980 The occurrence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in barley and wheat grown in some Danish soil with different fertilizer treatments. Plant and Soil 55, 403–414.
Johnson, C.R., Jarrell, W.M. & Menge, J.A. 1984 Influence of ammonium-nitrate ratio and solution pH on mycorrhizal infection, growth and nutrient composition of Chrysanthemum morifolium var. circus. Plant and Soil 77, 151–157.
Li, X-L., George, E. & Marschner, H. 1991 Phosphorus depletion and pH decrease at the root-soil and hyphae-soil interfaces of VA mycorrhizal while clover fertilized with ammonium. New Phytologist 119, 397–404.
Linderman, R.G. 1988 Mycorrhizal interactions with the rhizosphere microflora: the mycorrhizosphere effect. Phytopathology 78, 366–371.
Mugnier, J. & Mosse, B. 1987 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection in transformed root-inducing T-DNA roots grown axenically. Phytopathology 77, 1045–1050.
Nelsen, C.E., Balgiano, N.C., Furutani, S.C., Safir, G.R. & Sandstra, B.H. 1981 The effect of soil phosphorus lends on mycorrhizal infection on field grown onion plants and on mycorrhizal reproduction. Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science 106, 786–788.
Pfeiffer, C.M. & Bloss, H.E. 1988 Growth and nutrition of guayule (Parthenium argentatum) in a saline soil as influenced by vesiculararbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilization. New Phytologist 108, 315–321.
Phillips, J.M. & Hayman, D.S. 1970 Improved procedure for clearing and staining parasitic and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of British Mycological Society 55, 158–161.
Plenchette, C. & Corprogn, I. 1987 Influence of P, K fertilization on VA mycorrhizal fungi population. In Mycorrhizae in the Next Decade-practical Application and Research Priorities. Proc. 7th North American Conference on Mycorrhizae, p. 35. Gainesville, Florida: Univ. of Florida.
Pond, E.C., Menge, J.A. & Jarrell, W.M. 1984 Improved growth of tomato in salinized soil by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi collected from saline soils. Mycologia 76, 74–84.
Porter, W.M., Robson, A.D. & Abbott, L.K. 1987a Factors controlling the distribution of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi in relation to soil pH. Journal of Applied Ecology 24, 663–672.
Rosado, S.C.S., Kropp, B.R. & Piche, Y. 1994 Genetics of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis I. Host plant variability and heritability of ectomycorrhizal and root traits. New Phytology 126, 105–110.
Rovira, A.D. & Bowen, G.D. 1966 The effects of microorganisms upon plant growth. II. Detoxication of heat sterilized soils by fungi and bacteria. Plant and Soil 25, 129–142.
Saif, S.R. 1986 Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in tropical forage species as influenced by season, soil texture, fertilizers, host species and ecotypes. Angewandte Botanik 60, 125–139.
Strzelczyk, E. & Pokojska-Burdziej A. 1984 Production of auxins & gibberellin-like substances by mycorrhizal fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes isolated from soil and the mycorrhizosphere of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Plant and Soil 81, 185–194.
Sutton, J.C. & Barren, G.L. 1972 Population dynamics of Endogone spores in soil. Canadian Journal of Botany 50, 1909–1914.
Sylvia, D.M. & Neal, L.H. 1990 Nitrogen affects the phosphorus of VA mycorrhiza. New Phytologist 115, 303–310.
Walker, C. 1986 Taxonomic concept in the Endogonaceae: a fifth morphological wall type in endogonaceous spores. Mycotaxon 25, 95–97.
Weller, D.M. & Cook, R.J. 1983 Suppression of take-all of wheat by seed treatments with fluorescent Pseudomonas. Phytopathology 73, 463–469.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Raghuwanshi, R., Upadhyay, R. Performance of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in saline-alkali soil in relation to various amendments. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 20, 1–5 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WIBI.0000013274.14957.44
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WIBI.0000013274.14957.44