Abstract
New data were obtained concerning cell sensitivity of pathogenic strains of cholera vibrions, which belong to the serogroup O1 of classical biovar, to the temperate bacteriophage 139, the native host of which is Vibrio cholerae O139. Molecular–genetic and biochemical studies showed that phage 139 integrated into the chromosome of strains V. cholerae O1 can change their toxigenic properties. A change in the production of cholera toxin (CT) in lysogens is associated both with an increase in the activity of the toxR regulatory gene and with an alteration of the structure of a chromosomal DNA region that contains a copy of the operon ctxAB encoding CT biosynthesis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Kholera v SSSR v period VII pandemii (Cholera in the Soviet Union at the Period of VII Pandemic), Pokrovskoii, V.I., Ed., Moscow: Meditsina, 2000.
Faruque, S.M., Albert, M.J., and Mekalanos, J.J., Epidemiology, Genetics, and Ecology of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., 1998, vol. 62,no. 4, pp. 1301-1314.
Smirnova, N.I., A Cholera Agent of New Serogroup O139: Specific Molecular Genetic Properties and the Origin, Mol. Genet., 2002, no. 3, pp. 23-33.
Davis, B.M. and Waldor, M.K., Filamentous Phages Linked to Virulence of Vibrio cholerae, Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 2003, vol. 6, pp. 35-42.
Sozhamannan, S., Deng, Y.K., Li, M., et al., Cloning and Sequencing of the Genes Downstream of the wbf Gene Cluster of Vibrio cholerae Serogroup O139 and Analysis of the Junction Genes in Other Serogroups, Infect. Immunol., 1999, vol. 67,no. 10, pp. 5033-5040.
Jermyn, W.S. and Boyd, E.F., Characterization of a Novel Vibrio Pathogenicity Island (VPI-2) Encoding Neuraminidase (nanH) among Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae Isolates, Microbiology, 2002, vol. 148, pp. 3681-3693.
Dalsgaard, A., Forslund, A., Serichantalergs, O., and Sandvang, D., Distribution and Content of Class 1 Integrons in Different Vibrio cholerae O-Serotype Strains Isolated in Thailand, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 2000, vol. 44,no. 5, pp. 1315-1321.
DiRita, V.J., Coordinate Expression of Virulence Genes by ToxR in Vibrio cholerae, Mol. Microbiol., 1992, vol. 6,no. 4, pp. 451-458.
Faruque, S.M. and Nair, G.B., Molecular Ecology of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, Microbiol. Immunol., 2002, vol. 46,no. 2, pp. 59-66.
Champion, G.A., Neely, M.N., Brennan, M.A., and DiRita, V.J., A Branch in the Regulatory Cascade of Vibrio cholerae Revealed by Characterization of toxT Mutant Strains, Mol. Microbiol., 1997, vol. 23, pp. 323-331.
Sinha, V.B. and Srivastava, B.S., Suppression of Pathogenicity by P and V Plasmids in Vibrio cholerae, J. Gen. Microbiol., 1978, vol. 104,no. 2, pp. 251-255.
Nesper, J., Kaphhammer, D., Klose, K.E., et al., Characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 Antigen as the Bacteriophage K139 Receptor and Identification of IS 1004 Insertions Aborting O1 Antigen Biosynthesis, J. Bacteriol., 2000, vol. 182,no. 18, pp. 5097-5104.
Reidl, J. and Mekalanos, J.J., Characterization of Vibrio cholerae Bacteriophage K139 and Use of a Novel Mini-Transposon to Identify a Phage-Encoded Virulence Factor, Mol. Microbiol., 1995, vol. 18,no. 4, pp. 685-701.
Smirnova, N.I., Chekovskaya, G.V., Davidova, N.I., et al., Virulence-Associated Characteristics and Phage Lysogenicity of Two Morphologically Distinct Colonies of Vibrio cholerae O139 Serogroup, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 1996, vol. 136, pp. 175-180.
Nesper, J., Blab, J., Fountoulakis, M., and Reidl, J., Characterization of Major Control Region of Vibrio cholerae Bacteriophage K139: Immunity, Exclusion, and Integration, J. Bacteriol., 1999, vol. 181,no. 9, pp. 2902-2913.
Maniatis, T., Fritsch, E.F., and Sambrook, J., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor, New York: Cold Spring Harbor Lab., 1982.
Adams, M., Bakteriofagi (Bacteriophages), Moscow: Inostrannaya Literatura, 1961.
Svennerholm, A.M. and Wiklund, G., Rapid GM1-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Visual Reading for Identification of Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin, J. Clin. Microbiol., 1983, vol. 17, pp. 596-598.
Chiang, S.L., Taylor, R.K., Koomey, M., and Mekalanos, J.J., Single Amino Acid Substitution in the N-Terminus of Vibrio cholerae TcpA Affects Colonization, Autoagglutination, and Serum Resistance, Mol. Microbiol., 1995, vol. 17,no. 6, pp. 1133-1142.
Laemmli, U.K., Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4, Nature, 1970, vol. 227, pp. 680-685.
Siddique, K.A.I. and Bhattacharyya, F.K., Phage-Induced Toxinogenesis in Vibrio cholerae, J. Med. Microbiol., 1987, vol. 23,no. 4, pp. 331-335.
Yeroshenko, G.A. and Smirnova, N.I., Changed Efficiency of Cholera Toxin Biosynthesis in Vibrio cholerae O1 as a Result of Integration of Temperate Phage 139 into the Bacterial Chromosome, Mol. Genet., 2002, no. 2, pp. 9-14.
Gintsburg, A.L., Yanishevskii, N.V., Motin, V.L., et al., Organization and Cloning of the Enterotoxin Structural Genes of Vibrio cholerae Strain El Tor RV79, Mol. Genet., 1984, no. 9, pp. 12-18.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yeroshenko, G.A., Smirnova, N.I. Role of Temperate Bacteriophage 139 in Changing Cholera Toxin Production in Vibrio cholerae Classical Biovar. Russian Journal of Genetics 40, 348–355 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RUGE.0000024970.58355.69
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RUGE.0000024970.58355.69