Abstract
We review herein the surface chemical properties of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) and show how SiNWs can be used as platforms in doing chemistry in the nanorealm. In particular, the surfaces of HF-treated SiNWs (which are H-terminated) exhibit interesting chemical reactivities towards reductive deposition of metal ions such as silver, copper, palladium, etc., giving rise to metal particles or aggregates on the SiNW surfaces. By varying the concentration of the metal ions in solution, nanostructures of these metals of different shapes, sizes, and morphologies can be fabricated. The reductive growth of ligated Au–Ag clusters of single size, shape, composition, and structure, on the SiNWs was also investigated. Two interesting phenomena, the “sinking cluster” and the “cluster fusion” processes, were observed by TEM. These assemblies of metal nanoparticles on silicon nanowires may be considered as zero-dimensional “nanodots,” on one-dimensional “nanowires.” It is hoped that fabrication of these metallic nanodots on silicon nanowires will lead to new and novel composite materials of importance in nanotechnology.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
R. W. Siegel, E. Hu, and M. C. Roco (eds.), Nanostructure Science and Technology Worldwide Study on Status and Trends (Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1999), ISBN 0-7923-5854-6.
National Nanotechnology Initiative: The Initiative and Its Implementation Plan, NSTC/NSET Report, July 2000.
D. V. Leff, P. C. Ohara, J. R. Heath, and W. M. Gelbart (1995). J. Phys. Chem. 99, 7036.
A. C. Templeton, S. Chen, S. M. Gross, and R. W. Murray (1999). Langmuir 15, 66.
S. Chen, K. Huang, and J. A. Stearn (2000). Chem. Mater. 12, 540.
S. Y. Kang and K. Kim (1998). Langmuir 14, 226.
S. Chen and J. M. Sommers (2001). J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 8816.
I. Coulthard, D. T. Jiang, J. W. Lorimer, T. K. Sham, and X. H. Feng (1993). Langmuir 9, 3441.
Y. Shamcham-Diamand, A. Inberg, Y. Sverdlov, V. Bogush, N. Croitoru, H. Moscovich, and A. Freeman (2003). Electrochimica Acta 48, 2987.
A. P. Alivisatos (1993). Science 271, 933.
B. I. Yakobson and R. E. Smalley (1997). Am. Sci. 85, 324.
Y. F. Zhang, Y. H. Tang, N. Wang, D. P. Yu, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee (1998). Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 1835.
A. M. Morales and C. M. Lieber (1998). Science 279, 208.
X. Duan and C. M. Lieber (2000). Adv. Mater. 12, 298–302.
D. P. Yu, Z. G. Bai, Y. Ding, Q. L. Hang, H. Z. Zhang, J. J. Wang, Y. H. Zou, W. Qian, G. C. Xiong, H. T. Zhou, and S. Q. Feng (1998). Appl. Phys. Lett. 283, 3458.
N. Wang, Y. H. Tang, Y. F. Zhang, D. P. Yu, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee (1998). Chem. Phys. Lett. 283, 368.
N. Wang, Y. F. Zhang, Y. H. Tang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee (1998). Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3902.
N. Wang, Y. H. Tang, Y. F. Zhang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee (1998). Phys. Rev. B 58, 16024.
N. Wang, Y. H. Tang, Y. F. Zhang, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee (1999). Chem. Phys. Lett. 299, 237.
S. T. Lee, N. Wang, Y. F. Zhang, and Y. H. Tang (1999). MRS Bull. 36.
W. S. Shi, H. Y. Peng, Y. F. Zheng, N. Wang, N. G. Shang, Z. W. Pan, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee (2000). Adv. Mater. 12, 1343.
Y. F. Zhang, L. S. Liao, W. H. Chan, S. T. Lee, R. Sammynaiken, and T. K. Sham (2000). Phys. Rev. B 61, 8298.
Y. H. Tang, Y. F. Zhang, N. Wang, C. S. Lee, X. D. Han, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee (1999). J. Appl. Phys. 85, 7981.
F. C. K. Au, K. W. Wong, Y. H. Tang, Y. F. Zhang, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee (1999). Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1700.
S. G. Volz and Gang Chen (1999). Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 2056.
Y. Cui, X. F. Duan, J. T. Hu, and C. M. Lieber (2000). J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 5213.
G. W. Zhou, H. Li, D. P. Yu, Y. Q. Wang, X. J. Huang, L. Q. Chen, and Z. Zhang (1999). Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 2447.
D. D. D. Ma, C. S. Lee, F. C. K. Au, S. Y. Tong, and S. T. Lee (2003). Science 299, 1874–1877.
X. H. Sun, S. D. Wang, N. B. Wong, D. D. D. Ma, S. T. Lee, and B. K. Teo (2003). Inorg Chem. 42, 2398–2404
X. H. Sun, Y. H. Tang, P. Zhang, S. Naftel, R. Sammynaiken, T. K. Sham, Y. F. Zhang, H. Y. Peng, N. B. Wong, and S. T. Lee (2001). J. Appl. Phys. 90, 6379–6383.
X. H. Sun, H. Y. Peng, Y. H. Tang, W. S. Shi, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and T. K. Sham (2001). J. Appl. Phys. 89, 6396–6398.
X. H. Sun, R. Sammynaiken, S. J. Nafte, Y. H. Tang, P. Zhang, P. S. Kim, T. K. Sham, X. H. Fan, Y. F. Zhang, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, Y. F. Hu, and K. H. Tan (2002). Chem. Mater. 14, 2519–2526.
X. H. Sun, C. P. Li, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and B. K. Teo (2002). Inorg. Chem. 41, 4331–4336.
X. H. Sun, C. P. Li, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and B. K. Teo (2002). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 14856–14857.
X. H. Sun, N. B. Wong, C. P. Li, S. T. Lee, P. G. Kim, and T. K. Sham (2004). Chem. Mater., 1143–1152.
Y. Cui and C. M. Lieber (2001). Science 291, 851.
Y. Huang, X. Duan, Q. Wei, and C. M. Lieber (2001). Science 291, 630.
Y. Huang, X. Duan, Y. Cui, and C. M. Lieber (2002). Nano Lett. 2, 101.
X. Duan, Y. Huang, and C. M. Lieber (2002). Nano Lett. 2, 487.
B. Marsen and K. Sattler (1999). Phys. Rev. B 60, 11593.
L. Ling, S. Kuwabara, T. Abe, and F. Shimura (1993). J. Appl. Phys. 73, 3018–3022.
M. Niwano, J. Kageyama, K. Kinashi, J. Sawahata, and N. Miyamoto (1994). Surf. Sci. Lett. 301, 245–249.
M. Niwano, J. Kageyama, K. Kinashi, I. Takahashi, and N. Miyamoto (1994). J. Appl. Phys. 76, 2157.
E. P. Boonekamp, J. J. Kelly, J. van de Ven, and A. H. M. Sondag (1994). J. Appl. Phys. 75, 8121–8127.
I. Coulthard and T. K. Sham (1996). Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 4842.
B. Johanson and N. Martensson (1980). Phys. Rev. B 21, 4427.
T. Ohmi, T. Imaoka, I. Sugiyama, and T. Kezuka (1992). J. Electrochem. Soc. 139, 3317.
L. A. Nagahara, T. Ohmori, K. Hashimoto, and A. Fujishima (1993). J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 11, 763.
B. K. Teo and H. Zhang (1995). Coord. Chem. Rev. 143, 609.
H. Zhang and B. K. Teo (1997). Inorg. Chim. Acta 265, 213.
B. K. Teo and H. Zhang (1991). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 5067.
B. K. Teo, H. Dang, C. Campana, and H. Zhang (1998). Polyhedron 17, 617.
B. K. Teo and H. Zhang (2000). J. Organanomet. Chem. 614/615, 66.
B. K. Teo, H. Zhang, and X. Shi (1994). Inorg. Chem. 33, 4086.
B. K. Teo and H. Zhang (2001). J. Cluster Sci. 12, 357.
S. Iijima and T. Ichihashi (1986). Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 616.
D. J. Smith, A. K. Petford-Long, L. R. Wallenberg, and J. O. Bovin (1986). Science 233, 872.
P. M. Ajayan and L. D. Marks (1988). Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 585.
N. Doraiswamy and L. D. Marks (1996). Surf. Sci. 384, 67.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sun, X.H., Teo, B.K. Zero-Dimensional Nanodots on One-Dimensional Nanowires: Reductive Deposition of Metal Nanoparticles on Silicon Nanowires. Journal of Cluster Science 15, 199–224 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOCL.0000027403.38335.e7
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOCL.0000027403.38335.e7