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Changes in cytokinin and auxin concentrations in seaweed concentrates when stored at an elevated temperature

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Abstract

Two seaweed concentrates were made from the kelps Ecklonia maxima and Macrocystis pyrifera using a cell burst method. Cytokinin- and auxin-like activities were measured using the soybean callus and mungbean bioassays, respectively. Cytokinin-like activity was detected in both seaweed concentrates, being equivalent to approximately 50 μg L−1 kinetin. Auxin-like activity was also detected in both concentrates with the E. maxima derived concentrate having higher biological activity, equivalent to 10−5–10−4 M indole-butyric acid. Two replicates of each concentrate were stored at 54 °C for 14 days to accelerate the effects of storage. Both fresh and stored samples of the two seaweed concentrates were analysed for their endogenous cytokinin and auxin content. The samples were purified using a combined DEAE-Sephadex octadecylsilica column and immunoaffinity chromatography based on wide-range cytokinin and IAA specific monoclonal antibodies. These extracts were analysed by HPLC linked to a Micromass single quadrupole mass spectrophotometer. Eighteen and nineteen different cytokinins were detected, respectively, in the two concentrates, with trans-zeatin-O-glucoside being the main cytokinin present. Accelerated storage of the concentrates caused an increase in the total cytokinin concentration with a large increase in the aromatic meta-topolin. Indole-3-acetic acid was the main auxin in both seaweed concentrates. Indole conjugates, including amino acid conjugates, were also quantified. The total auxin concentration decreased with accelerated storage for both concentrates.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, University of Natal Pietermaritzburg, P/Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa

    W. A. Stirk, G. D. Arthur & J. van Staden

  2. Kelp Products (Pty) Ltd., P.O. Box 325, Simon's Town, 7995, South Africa

    A. F. Lourens

  3. Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacky University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Slechtitelu 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    O. Novák & M. Strnad

Authors
  1. W. A. Stirk
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  2. G. D. Arthur
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  3. A. F. Lourens
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  4. O. Novák
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  5. M. Strnad
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  6. J. van Staden
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Correspondence to W. A. Stirk.

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Stirk, W.A., Arthur, G.D., Lourens, A.F. et al. Changes in cytokinin and auxin concentrations in seaweed concentrates when stored at an elevated temperature. Journal of Applied Phycology 16, 31–39 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JAPH.0000019057.45363.f5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JAPH.0000019057.45363.f5

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