Abstract
Current research on somatic embryogenesis of bamboo uses reproductive tissue as explants. However, it was hard to obtain the explant. Shoots of a local accession (3–4 m high) were used for multiple shoot production. In order to obtain embryogenic callus, nodal and internodal tissues from in vitro plantlets were placed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 9.2 μM kinetin (KN), 13.6 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.1% (v/v) coconut milk, and 6% (w/v) sucrose. We studied the effects of sucrose and thidiazuron (TDZ) on callus proliferation. Optimal additives to the MS medium for embryogenic callus proliferation were 0.046 μM TDZ, 13.6 μM 2,4-D and 3% (w/v) sucrose. TDZ also promoted the germination of bamboo somatic embryos. The germination rate of the somatic embryos exceeded 80% on MS-based medium supplemented with 0.455μM TDZ. Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) reduced germination. Well-developed plantlets were successfully transferred to soil. There was no albino mutant in subsequent culture. In vitro regenerants and potted plants flowered, but no seeds were produced.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alexander MP (1969) Differential staining of aborted and non-aborted pollen. Stain Technol. 44: 117–122
Chang WC (1991) Bamboo. In: Bajaja YPS (ed) Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry. Tree III Vol. 15 (pp. 221–237). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York
Chang WC (1994) Somatic embryogenesis of Bambusa oldhamii, Bambusa beecheyana and Sinocalamus latiflora. In: Jain S, Gupta P &; Newton R (eds) Embryogenesis inWoody Plants (pp. 53–56). Kluwer, Dordrecht
Chang WC &; Ho CW (1997) Micropropagation of bamboo. In: Bajaj YPS (ed) Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry. Hightech and Micropropagation Vol. 39 (pp. 203–219). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York
Chang WC &; Lan TH (1995) Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from roots of bamboo (Bambusa beecheyana Munro var. beecheyana). J. Plant Physiol. 145: 535–538
Ho CW &; Chang WC (1998) In vitro flowering of albino bamboo (Bambusa oldhamii Munro.) regenerants derived from an 11-year-old embryogenic cell line. Acta Hort. 461: 433–438
Hsu YH, Annamalai P, Lin CS, Chen YY, Chang WC &; Lin NS (2000) A sensitive method for detecting bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) and establishment of BaMV-free meristem tip cultures. Plant Pathol. 49: 101–107
Huetteman CA &; Preece JE (1993) Thidiazuron: a potent cytokinin for woody plant tissue culture. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 33: 105–119
Janzen DH (1976) Why bamboos wait so long to flower. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 7: 347–391
John CK &; Nadgauda R (1999) In vitro-induced flowering in bamboos. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant 35: 309–315
Jullien F &; Tran Thanh Van K (1994) Micropropagation and vegembryoid formation from young leaves of Bambusa glaucescens ‘Gold goddress’. Plant Sci. 98: 199–207
Liang CJ (1996) Tissue Culture of Bambusa oldhamii Munro, Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro and Bambusa multiplex (Lour.). Master Thesis, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (p. 71)
Lin CS &; Chang WC (1998) Micropropagation of Bambusa edulis through nodal explants of field-grown clums and flowering of regenerated plantlets. Plant Cell Rep. 17: 617–620
Lin CS, Lin CC &; Chang WC (2003) In vitro flowering of Bambusa edulis and subsequent plantlet survival. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 72: 71–78
Metha UL, Rao VR &; Ram HYM (1982) Somatic embryogenesis in bamboo. Proceeding 5th International Cong. Plant Tissue Cell Cult. 109–110
Mukunthakumar S &; Mathur J (1992) Artificial seed production in the male bamboo Dendrocalamus strictus L. Plant Sci. 87: 109–113
Murashige T &; Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497
Nadgauda RS, Parasharami VA &; Mascarenhas AF (1990) Precocious flowering and seeding behaviour in tissue-cultured bam-boos. Nature 344: 335–336
Nadgauda RS, John CK, Parasharami VA, Joshi MS &; Mascarehas Rao IU, Rao IVR &; Narang V (1985) Somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of plants in the bamboo Dendrocalamus strictus. Plant Cell Rep. 4: 191–194
Rao IVR, Yusoff AM, Rao AN &; Sastry CB (1990) Propagation of bamboo and rattan through tissue culture. IDRC Bamboo and Rattan Research Network, Tanglin, Singapore (p. 60)
Rout GR &; Das P (1994) Somatic embryogenesis and in vitro flowering of three species of bamboo. Plant Cell Rep. 13: 683–686
Salisbury F &; Ross C (1992) Plant Physiology. Wadsworth Inc., Belmont, USA (p. 682)
Tsay HS, Yeh CC &; Hsu JY (1990) Embryogenesis and plant regeneration from anther culture of bamboo [Sinocalamus latifl-ora (Munro) McClure]. Plant Cell Rep. 9: 349–351
Tsukahara M, Hirosawak T &; Murayama H (1996) Effect of culture methods on the regeneration of albino rice (Oryza sativa L.) plantlets. Plant Cell Rep. 15: 597–600
Woods HS, Phillips GC, Woods JE &; Collins GB (1992) Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from zygotic embryo explants in Mexican weeping bamboo, Otatea acuminata az-tecorum. Plant Cell Rep. 11: 257–261
Yeh ML &; Chang WC (1986) Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in callus culture of green bamboo (Bambusa oldhamii Munro). Theor. Appl. Gen. 73: 161–163
Yeh ML &; Chang WC (1986) Somatic embryogenesis and sub-sequent plant regeneration from inflorescence callus of Bambusa beecheyana Munro var. beecheyana. Plant Cell Rep. 5: 409–411
Yeh ML &; Chang WC (1987) Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in mature embryo-derived callus culture of Sinocalamus latiflora (Munro) McClure. Plant Sci. 51: 93–96
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lin, CS., Lin, CC. & Chang, WC. Effect of thidiazuron on vegetative tissue-derived somatic embryogenesis and flowering of bamboo Bambusa edulis . Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 76, 75–82 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025848016557
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025848016557