Abstract
Theoretical results and data are presented in order to describethe spectral modifications induced by the effects of surfaceinhomogeneity on the features of turbulent boundary-layer flows.The hill case is used by way of example, and atmospheric andlaboratory data in neutral conditions are discussed. Shear andblocking effects with different characteristics are shown to bepresent both upwind and over the hill top.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bortoli, D., Cava, D., Georgiadis, T., Giostra, U., Lavagnini, A., Malvestuto, V., Nardino, M., Orsi, G., Sempreviva, A. M., Tagliazucca, M., Transerici, C., and Trivellone, G.: 2000, ‘Preliminary Results from an Experiment on the Interaction of a Flow with an Orographic Relief’, in M. Colacino and G. Giovanelli (eds.), Italian Research on Antarctic Atmosphere, 8th Workshop, Conference Proceedings, Vol. 69, SIF, Bologna, pp. 203–218.
Bowen, A. J.: 1979, ‘Full-Scale Measurements of the Atmospheric Turbulence over Two Escarpments’, in J. E. Cermak (ed.), Wind Engineering, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference, Fort Collins, U.S.A., Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 161–172.
Bradley, E.: 1980, ‘An Experimental Study of the Profiles of Wind Speed, Shearing Stress and Turbulence at the Crest of a Large Hill’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 106, 101–123.
Carlotti, P. and Hunt, J. C. R.: 2000, ‘Spectra of Turbulence in Boundary Layers near the Ground’, in C. Dopazo (ed.), Advances in Turbulence, Vol. VIII, CIMNE, Barcelona, pp. 307–310.
Carruthers, D. J. and Hunt, J. C. R.: 1990, ‘Fluid Mechanics of Airflow over Hills: Turbulence, Fluxes and Waves in the Boundary Layer’, in W. Blumen (ed.), Atmospheric Processes over Complex Terrain, AMS, Boston, pp. 83–103.
Durbin, P. A. and Belcher, S. E.: 1992, ‘Scaling of Adverse-Pressure Gradient Turbulent Boundary Layers’, J. Fluid Mech. 238, 699–722.
Founda, D., Tombrou, M., Lalas, D. P., and Asimakopoulos, D. N.: 1997, ‘Some Measurements of Turbulence Characteristics over Complex Terrain’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 83, 221–245.
Frank, H. P.: 1996, ‘A Simple SpectralModel for theModification of Turbulence in Flow over Gentle Hills’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 79, 345–373.
Gallagher, M. W., Choularton, T. W., and Hill, M. K.: 1988, ‘Some Observations of Airflow over a Large Hill of Moderate Slope’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 42, 229–250.
Högström, U., Bergstrom, H., and Alexandersson, H.: 1982, ‘Turbulence Characteristics in a Near-Neutrally Stratified Urban Atmosphere’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 23, 449–472.
Hunt, J. C. R. and Carlotti, P.: 2001, ‘Statistical Structure at the Wall of the High Reynolds Number Turbulent Boundary Layer’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 66, 453–475.
Hunt, J. C. R., Leibovich, S., and Richards, K. J.: 1988, ‘Turbulent Shear Flows over Low Hills’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 114, 1435–1470.
Hunt, J. C. R., Moin, P., Lee, M., Moser, R. D., Spalart, P., Mansour, N. N., Kaimal, J. C., and Gaynor, E.: 1989, ‘Cross Correlation and Length Scales in Turbulent Flows near Surfaces’, in H.-H. Fernholz and H. Fiedler (eds.): Advances in Turbulence, Vol. 2, Springer-Verlag, pp. 128–134.
Hunt, J. C. R. and Morrison, J. F.: 2000, ‘Eddy Structure in Turbulent Boundary Layers’, Eur. J. Mech. B-Fluids 19, 673–694.
Jackson, P. S. and Hunt, J. C. R.: 1975, ‘Turbulent Wind Flow over a Low Hill’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 101, 929–955.
Jensen, N. O., Petersen, E. L., and Troen, I.: 1984, Extrapolation ofMean Wind Statistics with Special Regard to Wind Energy Applications, Technical Report WCP-86.
Kaimal, J., Wyngaard, J., Izumi, Y., and Coté, O.: 1972, ‘Spectral Characteristics of Surface-Layer Turbulence’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 98, 563–589.
Mann, J.: 2000, ‘The Spectral Velocity Tensor in Moderately Complex Terrain’, J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 88, 153–169.
Mason, P. J.: 1986, ‘Flow over the Summit of an Isolated Hill’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 37, 385–405.
Mason, P. J. and King, J. C.: 1985, ‘Measurements and Predictions of Flow and Turbulence over an Isolated Hill of Moderate Slope’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 111, 617–640.
Panofsky, H. A., Larko, D., Lipschutz, R., Stone, G., Bradley, E. F., Bowen, A. J., and Hojstrup, J.: 1982, ‘Spectra of Velocity Components over Complex Terrain’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 108, 215–230.
Yaglom, A. M.: 1979, ‘Similarity Laws for Constant-Pressure and Pressure-Gradient Turbulent Wall Flows’, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 11, 505–540.
Zeman, O. and Jensen, N. O.: 1987, ‘Modification of Turbulence Characteristics in Flow over Hills’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 113, 55–80.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tampieri, F., Mammarella, I. & Maurizi, A. Turbulence in Complex Terrain. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 109, 85–97 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025487702985
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025487702985