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Photosynthesis research in India: transition from yield physiology into molecular biology

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Abstract

Photosynthesis research in India can be traced back several thousand years, with the mention of the Sun energizing the plants, which form food for all living creatures on the earth (from the Mahabharata, the great epic, ca. 2600 B.C.) and the report of Sage Parasara (ca. 100 B.C.) on the ability of plants to make their own food, due to their pigments. With the pioneering studies by Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose, work on photosynthesis proceeded steadily during the first half of the 20th century. Some of the classic reports during this period are: malate metabolism in Hydrilla, spectrophotometric estimation of chlorophylls, importance of spectral quality for photosynthesis — an indication of two photosystems, photoinactivation of photosynthesis, and importance of flag leaf photosynthesis to grain yield. After the 1960s, there was a burst of research in the areas of physiology and biochemistry of carbon assimilation and photochemistry. A significant transition occurred, before the beginning of new millennium, into the area of molecular biology of chloroplasts, regulation of photosynthesis and stress tolerance. Future research work in India is geared to focus on the following aspects of photosynthesis: elucidation/analysis of genes, molecular biology/evolution of enzymes, development/use of transgenics and modeling.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India

    Agepati S. Raghavendra

  2. National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India

    Prafullachandra Vishnu Sane

  3. Bhubaneshwar, 751015, India

    Prasanna Mohanty

  4. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Prasanna Mohanty

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  1. Agepati S. Raghavendra
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  2. Prafullachandra Vishnu Sane
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  3. Prasanna Mohanty
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Raghavendra, A.S., Vishnu Sane, P. & Mohanty, P. Photosynthesis research in India: transition from yield physiology into molecular biology. Photosynthesis Research 76, 435–450 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024934432008

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