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In Situ Surface Analysis in Selective Oxidation Catalysis: n-Butane Conversion Over VPP

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Abstract

In situ analysis of the surface of a working selective oxidation catalyst is an essential yet rarely conducted experiment in attempts to derive structure–function relationships. The case study of n-butane oxidation over vanadyl pyrophosphate (VPP) is used to develop a general working hypothesis and to illustrate that the molecular properties of the substrate sets boundary conditions on the surface chemical properties of the catalyst. Experiments using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and in situ low-energy X-ray absorption spectroscopy are used to derive compositional, electronic, and geometric structural information of the surface of the working VPP. These data allow the conclusion that a surface phase different from VPP must be present covering at least part of the active material. The recent data together with literature observations are used to derive a scenario explaining the function of VPP as a unique catalytic system.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195, Berlin, Germany

    H. Bluhm, M. Hävecker, E. Kleimenov, A. Knop-Gericke, A. Liskowski, R. Schlögl & D.S. Su

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  1. H. Bluhm
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  2. M. Hävecker
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Correspondence to R. Schlögl.

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Bluhm, H., Hävecker, M., Kleimenov, E. et al. In Situ Surface Analysis in Selective Oxidation Catalysis: n-Butane Conversion Over VPP. Topics in Catalysis 23, 99–107 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024824404582

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