Abstract
The genetics of photoperiod sensitivity, flowering date, fruit size, gender, female fertility, and disease resistance were investigated in progeny between sets of elite F. virginiana selections and F. × ananassa cultivars and selections planted at sites in Michigan, Minnesota and Ontario. Progeny means varied considerably for all the production traits. Most notable were the large fruit and high fertility observed in crosses with High Falls 22 at all three sites, and Montreal River 10 in Ontario and Michigan. Fragaria virginiana ssp. virginiana parents yielded progeny with much larger fruit than F. virginianassp. glauca parents. General combining ability was significant for all traits at all locations, while specific combining ability was significant for only fruit diameter, ovule set and fruit set in Michigan. Overall, the highest number of day-neutral genotypes were detected in Ontario (mean =44%) compared to Minnesota (31%) and Michigan (26%). In progeny populations of day-neutral F. × ananassa × short-day F. virginiana almost all fit the 1:1 ratio expected if day-neutrality is regulated by a single dominant gene; however, only a few families of short-day F. × ananassa ×day-neutral F. virginianacrosses fit a 1:1 ratio. Likewise, in progeny of day-neutral F. virginiana ×day-neutral F × ananassa crosses, only a few of them fit the 3:1 ratio expected if day-neutrality is regulated by a single dominant gene. These data suggest that it should be relatively easy to useF. virginiana germplasm in strawberry cultivar improvement, and that several different sources of day-neutrality may exist in natural populations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahmadi, H., R.S. Bringhurst & V. Voth. 1991. Modes of inheritance of photoperiodism in Fragaria. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 115: 146–152.
Barritt, B.H., R.S. Bringhurst & V. Voth. 1982. Inheritance of early flowering in relation to breeding of day-neutral strawberries. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 107: 733–736.
Bedard, P.R., C.S. Hsu, L.P.S. Spangelo, S.O. Fejer & G.L. Rouselle, 1971. Genetic, phenotypic, and environmental correlations among 28 fruit and plant characters in the cultivated strawberry. Can J Genet Cytol 13: 470–479.
Bringhurst, R.S. & V. Voth, 1978. Origin and evolutionary potentiality of the day-neutral trait in octoploid Fragaria. Genetics 90: 510.
Clark, J.H., 1938. Inheritance of the so-called everbearing tendency in the strawberry. Proc Amer Soc Hort Sci 35: 67–70.
Comstock, K.R.E. & H.F. Robinson, 1948. The components of genetic variance in populations of biparental progenies and their use in estimating the average degree of dominance. Biometrics 4: 254–266.
Dale, A. & T.M. Sjulin, 1990. Few cytoplasms contribute to North American strawberry cultivars. HortScience 25: 1341–1342.
Dale, A., H.A. Daubeny, M. Luffman & J.A. Sullivan, 1992. Development of Fragaria germplasm in Canada. Acta Hortic 348: 75–80.
Darrow, G.M., 1937. Strawberry improvement. In: Better Plants and Animals 2. United States Department of Agriculture Yearbook of Agric 1937, pp. 496–533.
Darrow, G.M., 1966. The Strawberry. History, Breeding and Physiology. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York.
Durner, E.F., J.A. Barden, D.G. Himelrick & E.B. Poling, 1984. Photoperiod and temperature effects on flower and runner development in day-neutral, June-bearing and everbearing strawberries. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 109: 396–400.
Galletta, G.J. & R.S. Bringhurst, 1990. Strawberry management. In: G.J. Galletta & D. Himelrick (Eds.), Small Fruit Crop Management, pp. 83–156. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
Hancock, J.F., 1999. Strawberries. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.
Hancock, J.F. & J.J. Luby, 1995. Adaptive zones and ancestory of the most important North American strawberry cultivars. Fruit Var J 49: 85–89.
Hancock, J.F., P.W. Callow, A. Dale, J.J. Luby, C.E. Finn, S.C. Hokanson & K. Hummer, 2001. From the Andes to the Rockies: Native strawberry collection and utilization. HortScience 36: 211–225.
Hokanson, K.E., R.E. Harrison, J.J. Luby & J.F. Hancock, 1993. Morphological variation in Fragaria virginiana from the Rocky Mountains. Acta Hortic 348: 94–101.
Lacy, C.N.D., 1973. Phenotypic correlations between vegetative characters and yield components in strawberry. Euphytica 22: 546–554.
Larson, K.D., 1994. Strawberry. In: B. Schaffer & P.C. Anderson (Eds.), Handbook of Environmental Physiology of Fruit Crops. Vol. 1. Temperate crops. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.
Libby, W.J. & C.C. Cockerham, 1980. Random non-contiguous plots in interlocking field layouts. Silvae Genet 29: 183–190.
Luby, J.J. & M.M. Stahler, 1993. Collection and evaluation of Fragaria virginiana in North America. Acta Hortic 345: 49–54.
Luby, J.J., J.F. Hancock & J.R. Ballington, 1992. Collection of native strawberry (Fragaria ssp.) germplasm in the Pacific Northwest and Northern Rocky Mountains of the USA. HortScience 27: 12–17.
Luby, J.J., J.F. Hancock & J.S. Cameron, 1991. Expansion of the strawberry germplasm base in North America. In: A. Dale & J.J. Luby (Eds.), The Strawberry into the 21st Century, pp. 66–75. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Macoun, W.T., 1924. Rept Dominion Horticulturalist. Ottawa, Canada.
Ourecky, D.K. & G.L. Slate, 1967. Behavior of the everbearing characteristics in strawberry. Proc Amer Soc Hort Sci 91: 236–241.
Powers, L., 1954. Inheritance of period of blooming in progenies of strawberries. Proc Amer Soc Hort Sci 64: 293–298.
Richardson, C.W., 1914. A preliminary note on the genetics of Fragaria. J Genet 3: 171–177.
Sakin, M., J.F. Hancock & J.J. Luby, 1997. Identifying new sources of genes that determine cyclic flowering in Rocky Mountain populations of Fragaria virginiana ssp. glauca Staudt. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 122: 205–210.
SAS Institute Inc., 1990. SAS users guide; SAS/STAT, version 6. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C.
Scott, D.H., 1959. Size, firmness, and time of ripening of fruit of seedlings of Fragaria virginiana Duch. crossed with cultivated strawberry varieties. Proc Amer Soc Hort Sci 74: 388–393.
Sjulin, T.M. & A. Dale, 1987. Genetic diversity of North American strawberry cultivars. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 112: 375–385.
Staudt, G., 1999. Systematics and geographic distribution of the American strawberry species: Taxonomic studies in the genus Fragaria (Rosaceae: Potentilleae). Univ Cal Press, Berkeley.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hancock, J., Luby, J., Dale, A. et al. Utilizing wild Fragaria virginiana in strawberry cultivar development: Inheritance of photoperiod sensitivity, fruit size, gender, female fertility and disease resistance. Euphytica 126, 177–184 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016309724998
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016309724998