Abstract
Monodispersed titania nanoparticles were prepared from reacting TiOCl2 with NH4OH in water/Triton X-100/n-hexanol/cyclohexane microemulsions. The effect of calcination on the microstructures of the particles was investigated. The particles synthesized were amorphous, transformed into the anatase phase at 300°C, and further into the rutile phase at 850°C. The crystallite size of the particles was 9.7 to 35.6 nm in the temperature range between 300 and 900°C. Secondary particles, agglomerates of finer primary particles, were about 20 nm in size at 200°C and increased markedly by a factor of 10 to 20 at 900°C due to a significant interagglomerate densification. With increasing calcination temperature from 300 to 900°C, the specific surface area of the particles decreased rapidly from 317.5 to 8.4 m2/g, whereas the average pore radius increased considerably from 2.9 to 31.8 nm as the result of shrinkage of the agglomerates, destruction of the minute intercrystallite pores, and interagglomerate densification.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. MATIJEVIC, M. BUDNIK and L. MEITES, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 6 (1977) 302.
M. FORMENTI, F. JUILLET, P. MERIIAUDEAU, S. J. TEICHNER and P. VERGNON, ibid. 39 (1972) 79.
Y. SUYAMA and A. KATO, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 7 (1976) 63.
J. H. JEAN and T. A. RING, Colloids Surf. 29 (1988) 273.
E. A. BARRINGER and H. K. BOWEN, Langmuir 1 (1985) 414.
J. L. LOOK and C. F. ZUKOSKI, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 75 (1992) 1587.
H. K. PARK, D. K. KIM and C. H. KIM, ibid. 80 (1997) 743.
C. BECK, W. HÄRTL and R. HEMPELMANN, J. Mater. Res. 13 (1998) 3174.
F. J. ARRIAGADA and K. OSSEO-ASARE, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 211 (1999) 210.
V. CHHABRA, V. PILLAI, B. K. MISHRA, A. MORRONE and D. O. SHAH, Langmuir 11 (1995) 3307.
S.-J. KIM, S.-D. PARK, Y. H. JEONG and S. PARK, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 82 (1999) 927.
P. FIRMAN, D. HAASE, J. JEN, M. KAHLWEIT and R. STREY, Langmuir 1 (1985) 718.
R. D. SHANNON and J. A. PASK, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 48 (1965) 1391.
M. LAL, V. CHHABRA, P. AYYUB and A. MAITRA, J. Mater. Res. 13 (1998) 1249.
S. A. GREENBERG, J. Phys. Chem. 61 (1957) 960.
B. D. CULLITY, “Elements of X-Ray Diffraction,” 2nd ed. (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1978) p. 94.
J. F. PORTER, Y.-G. LI and C. K. CHAN, J. Mater. Sci. 34 (1999) 1523.
L. H. EDELSON and A. M. GLAESER, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 71 (1988) 225.
D. C. HAGUE and M. J. MAYO, Nanostructured Materials 3 (1993) 61.
W. WAGNER, R. S. AVERBACK, H. HAHN, W. PETRY and A. WIEDENMANN, J. Mater. Res. 6 (1991) 2193.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
kim, E.J., Kim, S. & Hahn, SH. Effect of calcination on the microstructures of titania nanoparticles prepared in W/O microemulsions. Journal of Materials Science 37, 1455–1460 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014509721163
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014509721163