Surface Phenomena in the Hydrodynamics of an Incompressible Fluid

Abstract

By taking as an example the outflow of an incompressible fluid through a hole with small geometric parameters under the conditions of supersmall pressures, we attempted to evaluate the effect of surface phenomena on its flow by the similarity method. The Navier–Stokes differential equation was supplemented by parameters allowing for the effect of surface forces. The modified Navier–Stokes equation was subjected to similarity conversion. This yielded a dimensionless group that includes the whole range of variable parameters affecting the fluid flow, namely, the generalized criterion Pv. The graphic dependence of the coefficient of the fluid flow rate on the generalized criterion Pv is presented on the basis of experimental data.