Abstract
Systematic data on radioactive atmospheric fallout in 1954-1999 and accumulated levels of contamination of the soil-vegetable cover with 90Sr and 137Cs around St. Petersburg, estimated on 1998, are presented. Comparative analysis is made of these data and directly obtained data on the vertical distribution of these radionuclides in the surface horizon (0-25 cm) of soddy-podzolic sandy loam soil: the levels of surface contamination with 90Sr and 137Cs were found to be 580±90 and 6500±600 Bq m-2 on 1998. Before April 28, 1986 the 90Sr and 137Cs radioactivity in the investigated region corresponded to the global level. After Chernobyl accident the contamination levels with 90Sr and 137Cs increased, respectively, from 1200 to 1280 (by 6.3%) and from 2400 to 7050 Bq m-2 (by a factor of 2.9). The 90Sr and 137Cs vertical distributions throughout the soil profile are considerably different: 137Cs is practically totally fixed in the surface horizon, its activity being exponentially declining; whereas the stock of 90Sr in horizons 0-10 and 0-25 cm represents only 22 and 59% of the integral accumulated inventory of 90Sr in the soil (990 Bq m- 2). The activity ratio of 137Cs to 90Sr in the atmospheric fallout in 1963-1985 was 1.85±0.42, and in river water in the same period, ca. 0.18, suggesting higher mobility in the soil of 90Sr as compared to 137Cs, and, therefore, higher rate of self-cleaning of the surface soil horizon with respect to 90Sr.
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Gritchenko, Z.G., Ivanova, L.M., Tishkov, V.P. et al. Radioactive Fallout and Accumulated Level of Soil Surface Contamination with 90Sr and 137Cs around St. Petersburg in 1954-1999. Radiochemistry 43, 315–319 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012829112875
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012829112875