Characterization of p-In₂Se₃ thin films

Abstract

Indium selenide thin films were deposited onto glass substrates kept at 150 °C by thermal evaporation of α-In₂Se₃. Some of the films were annealed at 150 °C and 200 °C and they all were found to exhibit p-type conductivity without intentional doping. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) established that the films have an atomic content of In₅₁Se₄₉. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the as-grown films were amorphous in nature and became polycrystalline β-In₂Se₃ films after annealing. The analysis of conductivity temperature-dependence measurements in the range 320–100 K revealed that thermal excitation and thermionic emission of the carriers are the predominant conduction mechanisms above 200 K in the amorphous and polycrystalline samples, respectively. The carrier transport below 200 K is due to variable range hopping in all the samples. Hall measurements revealed that the mobility of the polycrystalline films is limited by the scattering of the charged carriers through the grain boundaries above 200 K. © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers