Abstract
This paper summarizes James Mirrlees' key contribution to the theory of tax policy. It argues that the Mirrlees approach of viewing government as being constrained by imperfect information has changed profoundly how we look at the normative public policy. In this view, asymmetric information provides the limit to redistribution by restricting the efficiency-equity trade-off. It leads to consideration of other policy instruments for relaxing incentive constraints and improving the efficiency of redistributive policies. Some of these instruments include quantity controls, in-kind transfers and public provision or mandating of insurance, things we observe in practice.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahmad, E., and N. Stern. (1984). “The Theory of Tax Reform and Indian Indirect Taxes.” Journal of Public Economics 25, 259–298.
Akerlof, G. A. (1978). “The Economics of ‘Tagging’ as Applied to the Optimal Income Tax, Welfare Programs, and Manpower Training.” American Economic Review 68, 8–19.
Atkinson, A. B., and N. Stern. (1974). “Pigou, Taxation and Public Goods.” Review of Economic Studies 41, 119–128.
Atkinson, A. B., and J. E. Stiglitz. (1976). “The Design of Tax Structure: Direct vs. Indirect Taxation.” Journal of Public Economics 6, 55–75.
Atkinson, A. B., and J. E. Stiglitz. (1980). Lectures on Public Economics. New York: McGraw−Hill.
Besley, T., and S. Coate. (1992). “Workfare versus Welfare: Incentive Arguments for Work Requirements in Poverty−Alleviation Programs.” American Economic Review 82, 249–261.
Blackorby, C. (1990). “Economic Policy in a Second−Best Environment.” Canadian Journal of Economics 23, 748–771.
Blackorby, C., and D. Donaldson. (1988). “Cash versus Kind, Self Selection and Efficient Transfers.” American Economic Review 78, 691–700.
Blomquist, S., and V. Christiansen. (1995). “Public Provision of Private Goods as a Redistributive Device in an Optimum Income Tax Model.” Scandinavian Journal of Economics 97, 547–567.
Boadway, R.W., I. Horiba, and R. Jha. (1996). “The Financing and Provision of Public Services by Decentralized Agencies.” Public Choice (forthcoming).
Boadway, R. W., and M. Keen. (1993). “Public Goods, Self−Selection and Optimal Income Taxation.” International Economic Review 34, 463–478.
Boadway, R., and N. Marceau. (1994). “Time Consistency as a Rationale for Public Unemployment Insurance.” International Tax and Public Finance 1, 107–126.
Boadway, R., N. Marceau, and M. Marchand. (1996). “Investment in Education and the Time Inconsistency of Redistributive Tax Policy.” Economica 63, 171–189.
Boadway, R., and M. Marchand. (1995). “The Use of Public Expenditures for Redistributive Purposes.” Oxford Economic Papers 47, 45–59.
Boiteux, M. (1956). “Sur la Gestion des Monopoles Publics Astreints à l'Equilibre Budgétaire.” Econometrica 24, 22–40.
Brett, C. (1996). The Optimal Taxation of Families. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, unpublished.
Brito, D. L., J. H. Hamilton, S. M. Slutsky, and J. E. Stiglitz. (1991). “Dynamic Optimal Income Taxation with Government Commitment.” Journal of Public Economics 15, 44.
Browning, E. (1976). “The Marginal Cost of Public Funds.” Journal of Political Economy 84, 283–298.
Calvo, G. A., and M. Obstfeld. (1988). “Optimal Time−Consistent Fiscal Policy with Finite Lifetimes.” Econometrica 56, 411–432.
Campbell, H. F. (1975). “Deadweight Loss and Commodity Taxation in Canada.” Canadian Journal of Economics 8, 441–447.
Chandar, P., and L. Wilde. (1996). “A General Characterization of Optimal Income Tax and Enforcement Schemes.” Mimeo.
Christiansen, V. (1981). “Evaluation of Public Projects under Optimal Taxation.” Review of Economic Studies 48, 447–457.
Coate, S. (1985). “Altruism, the Samaritan's Dilemma, and Government Transfer Policy.” American Economic Review 85, 46–57.
Coate, S. (1996). “Welfare Economics and the Theory of Project Evaluation.” Mimeo.
Corlett, W. J., and D. C. Hague. (1953–1954). “Complementarity and the Excess Burden of Taxation.” Review of Economic Studies 21, 21–30.
Cornes, R., and Silva. (1996). “Transfers Between Jurisdictions with Private Information: The Equity−Efficient Tradeoff.” Mimeo.
Cremer, H., and F. Gahvari. (1996a). “Tax Evasion and the Optimal General Income Tax.” Journal of Public Economics 60, 235–249.
Cremer, H., and F. Gahvari. (1996b). “In−kind Transfers, Self−selection and Optimal Tax Policy.” European Economic Review, forthcoming.
Cremer, H., and P. Pestieau. (1996). “Redistributive Taxation and Social Insurance.” International Tax and Public Finance 3, 281–295.
Diamond, P. A., and J. A. Mirrlees. (1971). “Optimal Taxation and Public Production.” American Economic Review 61, 8–27 and 261–278.
Diamond, P. A., and J. A. Mirrlees. (1978). “A Model of Social Insurance with Variable Retirement.” Journal of Public Economics 10, 295–336.
Drèze, J., and N. Stern. (1987). “Theory of Cost−Benefit Analysis.” In A. Auerbach and M. Feldstein (eds.), Handbook of Public Economics. Amsterdam: North Holland.
Edwards, J., M. Keen, and M. Tuomala. (1994). “Income Tax, Commodity Taxes and Public Good Provision: A Brief Guide.” Finanzarchiv 51, 472–497.
Fair, R. C. (1971). “The Optimal Distribution of Income.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 85, 551–579.
Fischer, S. (1980). “Dynamic Inconsistency, Cooperation and the Benevolent Dissembling Government.” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 2, 93–107.
Gans, J. S., and M. Smart. (1996). “Majority Voting with Single−Crossing Preferences.” Journal of Public Economics 59, 219–237.
Guesnerie, P. (1981). “On Taxation and Incentives: Further Remarks on the Limits to Redistribution.” Discussion Paper No. 89, University of Bonn.
Guesnerie, R. (1995). A Contribution to the Pure Theory of Taxation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Guesnerie, R. and K. Roberts. (1984). “Effective Policy Tools and Quantity Controls.” Econometrica 52, 59–86.
Guesnerie, R., and J. Seade. (1982). “Nonlinear Pricing in a Finite Economy.” Journal of Public Economics 17, 157–180.
Hammond, P. (1979). “Straightforward Incentive Compatibility in Large Economics.” Review of Economic Studies 46, 263–282.
Harberger, A. C. (1964). “Taxation, Resource Allocation, and Welfare.” In J. Due (ed.), The Role of Direct and Indirect Taxes in the Federal Revenue System. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp. 25–70.
Harris, R. (1975). “A Note on Convex−Concave Demand Systems with an Application to the Theory of Optimal Taxation.” Discussion Paper No. 197, Queen's University, Canada.
Hillier, B., and J. M. Malcomson. (1984). “Dynamic Inconsistency, Rational Expectations, and Optimal Government Policy.” Econometrica 52, 1437–1452.
Hotelling, H. (1932). “Edgeworth's Taxation Paradox and the Nature of Demand and Supply Functions.” Journal of Political Economy40, 577–616.
Laffont, J.−J. (1994). “The New Economics of Regulation Ten Years After.” Econometrica 62, 507–537.
Laffont, J.−J., and J. Tirole. (1993). A Theory of Incentives in Procurement and Regulation. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Laffont, J.−J., and J. Tirole. (1996). “Pollution Permits and Compliance Strategies.” Journal of Public Economics 62, 85–125.
Little, I. M. D., and J. A. Mirrlees. (1974). Project Appraisal and Planning for Developing Countries. London: Heinemann.
Lockwood, B. (1996). “Inter−Regional Insurance with Asymmetric Information.” Mimeo.
Marceau, N., and R. W. Boadway. (1994). “Minimum Wage Legislation and Unemployment Insurance as Instruments for Redistribution.” Scadinavian Journal of Economics 96, 67–81.
Mirrlees, J. A. (1971). “An Exploration in the Theory of Optimum Income Taxation.” Review of Economic Studies 38, 175–208.
Mirrlees, J. A. (1974). “Notes on elfare Economics, Information, and Uncertainty.” In M. Balch, D. McFadden and S. Wu (eds.), Essays on Equilibrium Behavior Under Uncertainty. Amsterdam: North−Holland, pp. 243–258.
Mirrlees, J. A. (1976). “Optimal Tax Theory: A Synthesis.” Journal of Public Economics 6, 327–358.
Mirrlees, J. A. (1986). “Theory of Optimal Taxation.” In K. J. Arrow and M. D. Intriligator (eds.), Handbook of Mathematical Economics, Volume III. Amsterdam: North Holland, pp. 1197–1249.
Myles, G. D. (1995). Public Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Nava, M., F. Schroyen and M. Marchand. (1996). “Optimal Fiscal and Public Expenditure Policy in a Two−Class Economy.” Journal of Public Economics 61, 119–137.
Nichols, A. L., and R. J. Zeckhauser. (1982). “Targeting Transfers through Restrictions on Recipients.” American Economic Review 72, 372–377.
Parsons, D. O. (1996). “Imperfect ‘Tagging’ in Social Insurance Programs.” Journal of Public Economics 62, 183–207.
Persson, T., and G. Tabellini. (1990). Macroeconomic Policy, Credibility and Politics. Chur: Harwood Academic Publishers.
Raff, H., and J. D. Wilson. (1997). “Income Redistribution with Well−Informed Governments.” International Tax and Public Finance 4, 407–427.
Ramsey, F. P. (1927). “A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation.” Economic Journal 37, 47–61.
Roberts, K. (1984). “The Theoretical Limits to Redistribution.” Review of Economic Studies 51, 177–195.
Sadka, E. (1976). “On Progressive Income Taxation.” American Economic Review 66, 931–935.
Samuelson, P. A. (1951). Unpublished memorandum for the U.S. Treasury, reprinted as (1986). “Theory of Optimal Taxation.” Journal of Public Economics 30, 137–143.
Sen, A. K. (1977). “Social Choice Theory: A Re−Examination.” Econometrica 45, 53–89.
Sen, A. K. (1992). Inequality Reexamined. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Sheshinski, E. (1972). “The Optimal Linear Income Tax.” Review of Economic Studies 39, 297–302.
Slemrod, J., S. Yitzhaki, J. Mayshar, and M. Lundholm. (1996). “The Optimal Two−Bracket Linear Income Tax.” Journal of Public Economics 53, 269–290.
Starrett, D. A. (1988). Foundations of Public Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Stern, N. H. (1982). “Optimum Taxation with Errors in Administration.” Journal of Public Economics 17, 181–211.
Stiglitz, J. E. (1982). “Self−Selection and Pareto Efficient Taxation.” Journal of Public Economics 17, 213–240.
Stiglitz, J. E. (1985). “Inequality and Capital Taxation.” IMSSS Technical Report No. 457, Stanford University.
Stiglitz, J. E. (1987). “Pareto Efficient and Optimal Taxation and the New New Welfare Economics.” In A. J. Auerbach and M. S. Feldstein (eds.), Handbook of Public Economics. Amsterdam: North−Holland, Vol. 2, pp. 991–1042.
Tresch, R. W. (1981). Public Finance: A Normative Theory. Plano, Texas: Business Publications.
Tuomala, M. (1990). Optimal Income Tax and Redistribution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Usher, D. (1986). “Tax Evasion and the Marginal Cost of Public Funds.” Economic Inquiry 24, 563–586.
Van Graaff, J. de (1957). Theoretical Welfare Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Vickrey, W. (1945). “Measuring Marginal Utility by Reactions to Risk.” Econometrica 13, 215–236.
Vigneault, M. (1996). “Commitment and the Time Structure of Foreign Direct Investment.” International Tax and Public Finance 3, 479–494.
Wen, J.−F. (1997). “Tax Holidays and the International Capital Market.” International Tax and Public Finance 4, 129–148.
Wildasin, D. E. (1984). “On Public Good Provision with Distortionary Taxation.” Economic Inquiry 22, 227–243.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Boadway, R. The Mirrlees Approach to the Theory of Economic Policy. International Tax and Public Finance 5, 67–81 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008668509373
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008668509373