Abstract
The simulated and measured performance of an experimental 10-b wideband CMOS A/D converter design is presented. Fully-differential first-generation switched-current circuits with common-mode feedforward were used to implement a 1.5-b/stage pipelined architecture in order to evaluate the switched-current technique for digital radio applications. With f in = 1.83, the measured spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) is 60.3 dB and the signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) = 46.5dB at 3 MS/s. Although this 3 V design was fabricated in a standard digital 5 V, 0.8 μm CMOS process, a high bandwidth was achieved. Since the ADC maintains an SNDR ≥ 40 dB for input frequencies of more than 20 MHz, it has the highest input bandwidth reported for any CMOS switched-current A/D-converter implementation. Its sample rate can be increased by parallel, time-interleaved, operation. Measurement results are compared with the measured performance of other wideband switched-current A/D converters and found to be competitive also with respect to area and power efficiency.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Toumazou, J. B. Hughes, and N. C. Battersby, (Eds.) SWITCHED-CURRENTS an analogue technique for digital technology. IEEE Circuits and Systems series 5,1993.
D. G. Nairn and C. A. T. Salama, “Ratio-independent currentmode algorithmic analog-to-digital converters.” IEEE Proceedings of ISCAS 89 Portland, Oregon, pp. 250–253, 1989.
J. Robert, P. Deval, and G. Wegmann, “Novel CMOS pipelined A/D convertor architecture using current mirrors.” Electronic Letters 25(11), pp. 691–692,1989.
P. Deval, J. Robert, and M. J. Declercq, “A 14-bit CMOS A/D converter based on dynamic current memories.” Proc. of Custom International Circuit of Conferences San Diego, California, pp. 24.2/1–4,1991.
J. B. Hughes and K. W. Moulding, “An 8 MHz, 80 Ms/s switched-current Ælter.” Proc. of IEEE Int. Solid-State Circ. Conf. San Francisco, California, pp. 60–61,1994.
C.-C. Cheng and C.-Y. Wu, “Design techniques for 1.5-V low-power CMOS current-mode cyclic analog-to-digital converters.” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst.-II 25(1), pp. 28–40, 1998.
C.-Y. Wu, C.-C. Chen, and J.-J. Cho, “ACMOS transistor-only 8-b 4.5 Ms/s pipelined analog-to-digital converter using fullydifferential current-mode circuit techniques.” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits 25(5), pp. 522–532,1995.
M. Bracey, W. Redman-White, J. Richardson, and J. B. Hughes, “A full nyquist 15 MS/s 8-bit differential switched-current A/D converter.” Proceedings of ESSCIRC 95 Lille, France, pp. 146–149,1995.
M. Bracey, W. Redman-White, J. B. Hughes, and J. Richardson, “A 70 MS/s 8-bit differential switched-current CMOS A/D converter using parallel interleaved pipelines.” Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Region 10 International Conference on Microelectronics and VLSI, Hong Kong, pp. 143–146, 1995.
Y. Sugimoto and T. Iida, “A low-voltage, high-speed and lowpower full current-mode video-rate CMOS A/D converter.” Proceedings of ESSCIRC 97 Southampton, UK, pp. 392–395, 1997.
N. Tan, Switched-Current Design and Implementation of Oversampling A/D Converters. Kluwer,1997.
D. G. Nairn and C. A. T. Salama, “Algorithmic analog/digital convertor based on current mirrors.” Electronic Letters 25(8), pp. 471–472,1988.
D. G. Nairn and C. A. T. Salama, “High-resolution, currentmode A/D convertors using active current mirrors.” Electronic Letters 25(21), pp. 1331–1332,1988.
S. J. Daubert, D. Vallancourt, and Y. P. Tsividis, “Current copier cells.” Electronic Letters 25(25), pp. 1560–1562, 1988.
D. G. Nairn and C. A. T. Salama, “A ratio-independent algorithmic analog-to-digital converter combining current mode and dynamic techniques.” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. 25(3), pp. 319–325,1990.
D. G. Nairn and C. A. T. Salama, “Algorithmic analogue-todigital convertors using current-mode techniques.” IEEE Proceedings 25, Pt G, No. 2, pp. 163–168,1990.
P. Deval, G. Wegmann, and J. Robert, “CMOS pipelined A/D convertor using current divider.” Electronic Letters 25(20), pp. 1341–1342,1989.
K. C. Wong and K. S. Chao, “A current-mode successiveapproximation analog-to-digital conversion technique.”Proceedings of IEEE Midwest Symposium Circ. Syst. Calgary, Alta., Canada, 2, pp. 754–757, 1990, IEEE.
S.-W. Kim and S.-W. Kim, “Current-mode cyclic ADC for lowpower and high-speed applications.” Electronic Letters25(10), pp. 818–820,1991.
D. Macq and P. G. A. Jespers, “A 10-bit pipelined switchedcurrent A/D converter.” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits. 25(8), pp. 967–971,1994.
B. E. Jonsson, “A 3V, 10 bit, 6.4MHz switched-current CMOS A/D converter design.” Accepted for publication in Proc. of Int. Conf. on Electronics Circuits and Systems (ICECS) Lisbon, Portugal, Sept.1998. IEEE.
C.-C. Chen, C.-Y. Wu, and J.-J. Cho, “A 1.5V CMOS currentmode cyclic analog-to-digital converter with digital error correction.” Proc. of Int. Symposium Circuits And Systems (ISCAS) Seattle, Washington, pp. 537–540,1995. IEEE.
M. Bracey, W. Redman-White, J. Richardson, and J. B. Hughes, “A full nyquist 15 MS/s 8-b differential switched-current A/D converter.” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits. 25(7), pp. 945–951, 1996.
B. Ginetti, P. G. A. Jespers, and A. Vandemeulebroecke, “A CMOS 13-b cyclic RSD A/D converter.” IEEE J. Solid State Circ. 25(7), pp. 957–964,1994.
B. Jonsson and N. Tan, “Clock-feedthrough compensated Ærstgeneration SI circuits and systems.”Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 25(4), pp. 201–210,1997.
N. K. Verghese, T. J. Schmerbeck, and D. J. Allstot, Simulation Techniques and Solutions for Mixed-Signal Coupling in Integrated Circuits. Kluwer,1995.
T. S. Fiez, D. J. Allstot, G. Liang, and P. Lao, “Signaldependent clock-feedthrough cancellation in switched-current circuits.” Proc. of China 1991 Int. Conf. Circuits And Systems Shenzhen, China, pp. 785–788,1991. IEEE.
N. Tan and S. Eriksson, “Low-voltage fully differential class-AB SI circuits with common-mode feedforward.” Electronic Letters25(25), pp. 2090–2091,1994.
B. E. Jonsson, “Design of power supply lines in highperformance SI and current-mode circuits.” Proc. of 15th NORCHIP Conf. Tallinn, Estonia, pp. 245–250,1997. IEEE.
H. Träff, “A novel approach to high speed CMOS current comparators.” Electronic Letters 25(3), pp. 310–312,1992.
J. Doernberg, H.-S. Lee, and D. A. Hodges, “Full-speed testing of A/D converters.” IEEE J. Solid State Circ. SC-19(6), pp. 820–827,1984.
M. v.d. Bossche, J. Schoukens, and J. Renneboog, “Dynamic testing and diagnosis of A/D converters.” IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. CAS-33(8), pp. 775–785,1986.
M. Gustavsson, Analog Interfaces in a Digital CMOS Process. Licentiate Thesis No. 662, Linko»ping University, Sweden, 1997.
M. Gustavsson and N. Tan, “New current-mode pipeline A/D converter architectures.” Proceedings of ISCAS 97 Hong Kong, 1, pp. 417–420,1997. IEEE.
D. Robertson, P. Real, and C. Mangelsdorf, “A wideband 10-bit, 20 Msps pipelined ADC using current-mode signals.” Proceedings of IEEE Solid-State Circ. Conf. San Francisco, California, pp. 206–207,1990. IEEE.
B. E. Jonsson and H. Tenhunen, “A low-voltage 32 MS/s parallel pipelined switched-current ADC.” Electronic Lett. 25(20), pp. 1906–1907,1998.
K. Y. Kim, N. Kusayanagi, and A. A. Abidi, “A 10-b, 100-MS/s CMOS A/D converter.” IEEE J. Solid State Circ. 25(3), pp. 820–827,1997.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jonsson, B.E., Tenhunen, H. A 3 V Wideband CMOS Switched-Current A/D-Converter Suitable for Time-Interleaved Operation. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 23, 127–139 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008393909629
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008393909629