Skip to main content
Log in

A Modular Flat Panel Photobioreactor (MFPP) for indoor mass cultivation of Nannochloropsis sp. under artificial illumination

  • Published:
Journal of Applied Phycology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Nannochloropsis sp. was grown in a Modular FlatPanel Photobioreactor (MFPP) consisting of sixalveolar panels each with 20.5 L culture volume and3.4 m2 illuminated surface area. The panelsformed a closely-packed unit with illuminationprovided by banks of fluorescent tubes placed betweenthe panels. The whole unit was contained in athermoregulated cabinet. Continuous illumination ofone side of the panels with 115 μmolphoton m-2 s-1 attained a mean volumetricproductivity of 0.61 g (d. wt) L-1 24 h-1,increasing to 0.97 g (d. wt) L-1 24 h-1 whenthe same irradiance was provided on both sides of thepanels. With 230 μmol photon m-2 s-1 onone side of the panel, a mean productivity of 0.85 g(d. wt) L-1 24 h-1 was achieved, whichreached 1.45 g (d. wt) L-1 24 h-1 when bothsides were illuminated. Increasing the amount of lightprovided to the culture (either by increasingirradiance or the illuminated surface area) decreasedpigment and enhanced the total fatty acid content, butdid not change significantly the content ofeicosapentaenoic acid. A MFPP of the presentdimensions could produce sufficient microalgae tosupport a hatchery producing 6 million sea breamfingerlings annually.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Benemann JR (1992) Microalgae aquaculture feeds. J. appl. Phycol. 4: 233-245.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chini Zittelli G, Lavista F, Bastianini A, Rodolfi L, Vincenzini M, Tredici MR (1999) Production of eicosapentaenoic acid by Nannochloropsis sp. cultures in outdoor tubular photobioreactors. J. Biotech. 70: 299-312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fulks W, Main KL (eds) (1991) Rotifer and Microalgae Culture Systems. Proceeding of a U.S.-Asia Workshop. The Oceanic Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii, 364 pp.

  • Guillard RRL, Ryther JH (1962) Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. I. Cyclotella nana (Hustedt) and Detonula confervacea (Cleve). Can. J. Microbiol. 8: 229-239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman Y (1999) Long term culture of Nannochloropsis sp. in open raceway ponds. 8th Int. Conf. on Applied Algology. Book of Abstracts, 133.

  • James CM, Al-Khars AM (1990) An intensive continuous culture system using tubular photobioreactors for producing microalgae. Aquaculture 87: 381-393.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lubzens E, Gibson O, Zmora O, Sukenik A (1995) Potential advantages of frozen algae (Nannochloropsis sp.) for rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) culture. Aquaculture 133: 295-310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parson TR, Strickland JDH (1963) Discussion of spectrophotometric determination of marine plant pigments, with revised equations for ascertaining chlorophylls and carotenoids. J. mar. Res. 21: 155-161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Renaud SM, Parry DL, Luong-Van T, Kuo C, Padovan A, Sammy N (1991) Effect of light intensity on the proximate biochemical and fatty acid composition of Isochrysis sp. and Nannochloropsis oculata for use in tropical aquaculture. J. appl. Phycol. 3: 43-53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seto A, Kumasaka K, Hosaka M, Kojiama E, Kashiwakura M, Kato T (1992) Production of eicosapentaenoic acid by marine microalgae and its commercial utilization for aquaculture. In Kyle DJ, Ratledge C (eds), Industrial Applications of Single Cell Oils. American Oil Chemists' Society, Champaign, Illinois, pp. 219-234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukenik A (1998) Production of eicosapentaenoic acid by the marine eustigmatophyte Nannochloropsis. In Cohen Z (ed.), Chemicals from Microalgae. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 41-56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukenik A, Carmeli Y, Berner T (1989) Regulation of fatty acid composition by irradiance level in the eustigmatophyte Nannochloropsis sp. J. Phycol. 25: 686-692.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukenik A, Yamaguchi Y, Livne A (1993) Alteration in lipid molecular species of the marine eustigmatophyte Nannochloropsis sp. J. Phycol. 29: 620-626.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tredici MR (1999) Bioreactors, Photo. In Flickinger MC, Drew SW (eds), Encyclopedia of Bioprocess Technology: Fermentation, Biocatalysis and Bioseparation. J. Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 395-419.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tredici MR, Chini Zittelli G (1998) Efficiency of sunlight utilization: tubular versus flat photobioreactors. Biotechnol. Bioengng. 57: 187-197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tredici MR, Materassi R (1992) From open ponds to vertical alveolar panels: the Italian experience in the development of reactors for the mass cultivation of phototrophic microorganisms. J. appl. Phycol. 4: 221-231.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tredici MR, Carlozzi P, Chini Zittelli G, Materassi R (1991) A vertical alveolar panel (VAP) for outdoor mass cultivation of microalgae and cyanobacteria. Bioresource Technol. 38: 153-159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zmora O, Sukenik A, Lubzens E, Grabovsky I, Malka D (1993) Production and utilization of the microalgae Nannochloropsis in mariculture food chain. 6th Int. Conf. on Applied Algology, Book of Abstracts, 43.

  • Zou N, Richmond A (1999) Effect of light-path length in outdoor flat plate reactors on output rate of cell mass and of EPA in Nannochloropsis sp. J. Biotech. 70: 351-356.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chini Zittelli, G., Pastorelli, R. & Tredici, M.R. A Modular Flat Panel Photobioreactor (MFPP) for indoor mass cultivation of Nannochloropsis sp. under artificial illumination. Journal of Applied Phycology 12, 521–526 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008165606234

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008165606234

Navigation