Abstract
Studies on the larvicidal properties of extracts and fractions from Kotschya uguenensis Verdc. were done by long-term exposure of Anopheles gambiae s.s. larvae. The cumulative mean percentage mortalities and deformities at different concentrations for the extracts and fractions were recorded after every 24 h. Treatment of A. gambiae s.s. larvae with K. uguenensis extracts showed growth disruption by forming elongated guts and resulting in eventual death. Larvae treated with the methanol extracts from the stem and root barks, and fractions of the former extract attained complete mortality in 6–8 days at 50 and 100 ppm. More deformed larvae were observed from the methanol extract of the stem bark (40%) and methanol-soluble fraction (88%) than those treated with water-soluble fraction (22%) and methanol extract of the root bark (5%). The growth disruption may be associated with constituents in the plant that interfere with the normal endocrine system functions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dev S. and Kaoul O. (1997) Insecticides of Natural Origin. Harwood Academic Publishers, New Delhi, India. pp. 15–19.
Gikonyo N. K., Mwangi R. W. and Midiwo J. O. (1998) Toxicity and growth-inhibitory activity of Polygonum senegalense (Meissn.) surface exudates against Aedes aegypti larvae. Insect Science and Its Application 18, 229–234.
Gillett J. B., Milne-Redhead E. and Polhill R. M. (1971) Flora of Tropical East Africa; Papilionoideae. Crown Agents, London. 414 pp.
Gusmao D. S., Pascoa V., Mathias L., Vieira I. J. C., Braz-Filho R. and Lemos F. J. A. (2002) Derris (Lonchocarpus) urucu (Leguminosae) extract, modifies the peritrophic matrix structure of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 97, 371–375.
Najera J. A. and Zaim M. (2002) Malaria Vector Control: Decision Making Criteria and Procedures for Judicious Use of Insecticides. Ref: WHO/CDS/WHOPES/2002.5 Rev. 1. WHO, Geneva.
Ndung’u M., Torto B., Knols B. G. J. and Hassanali A. (2004) Laboratory evaluation of some eastern African Meliaceae as sources of botanicals for Anopheles gambiae. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 24, 311–318.
SAS Institute, (2000) SAS Procedure Guide for Personal Computers, version 8.01. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
Verdcourt B. (1971) Flora of Tropical East Africa; Leguminosae Parts 3&4; Papilionoideae Parts 1&2. Rotterdam, Netherlands. pp. 410–415.
WHO (World Health Organization) (1996) Protocols for Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Insecticides and Repellents: Report of the WHO Informal Consultation on the Evaluation and Testing of Insecticides. WHO, Geneva, 7–11 October 1996. Ref: CTD/WHOPES/IC/96.1.
WHO (World Health Organization) (2005) Guidelines for Laboratory and Field Testing of Mosquito Larvicides. WHO, Geneva. Ref: WHO/CDS/WHOPES/ GCDPP/2005.13.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Innocent, E., Joseph, C.C., Gikonyo, N.K. et al. Growth disruption activity of polar extracts from Kotschya uguenensis (Fabaceae) against Anopheles gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae. Int J Trop Insect Sci 28, 220–224 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758408108839
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758408108839