Abstract
A slat without a cove is built on the basis of a bionic airfoil (i.e. stowed multi-element airfoil), which is extracted from a long-eared owl wing. The three-dimensional models with a deployed slat and a stowed slat are measured in a low-turbulence wind tunnel. The results are used to characterize high-lift effect: compared with the stowed slat, the deployed slat works more like a spoiler at low angles of attack, but like a conventional slat or slot at high angles of attack. In addition, it can also increase stall angle and maximum lift coefficient, and postpone the decrease in the gradient of the lift coefficient. At the same time, the flow field visualized around both three-dimensional models suggests the leading-edge separation associated with the decrease in the gradient of the lift coefficient. Furthermore, the related two-dimensional simulation well agrees with the analysis of the lift coefficient, as the complement to the experiment. The bionic slat may be used as reference in the design of leading-edge slats without a cove.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hayes J A, Horne W C, Soderman P T, Bent P H. Airframe noise characteristics of a 4.7% scale DC-10 model. AIAA Paper, 1997, 97–1594.
Soderman P T, Kafyeke F, Boudreau J, Burnside N J, Jaeger S M, Chandrasekharan R. Airframe noise study of a Bombardier CRJ-700 aircraft model in the NASA Ames 7- by 10-foot wind tunnel. International Journal of Aeroacoustics, 2004, 3, 1–42.
Chow L C, Mau K, Remy H. Landing gear and high lift devices airframe noise research. AIAA Paper, 2002, 2002–2408.
Ma Z K. Slat noise attenuation using acoustic liner. AIAA Paper, 2005, 2005–3009.
Smith M G, Chow L C, Molin N. Attenuation of slat trailing edge noise using slat gap acoustic liners. AIAA Paper, 2006, 2006–2666.
Choudhari M, Khorrami M R, Lockard D P. Slat cove noise modeling: A posteriori analysis of unsteady RANS simulations. AIAA Paper, 2002, 2002–2468.
Takeda K, Ashcroft G B, Zhang X. Unsteady aerodynamics of slat cove flow in a high-lift device configuration. AIAA Paper, 2001, 2001-0706.
Graham R R. The silent flight of owls. Journal of Royal Aeronautics Society, 1934, 38, 837–843.
Lilley G M. A study of the silent flight of the owl. AIAA Paper, 1998, 98–2340.
Kroeger R A, Gruschka H D, Helvey T C. Low speed aerodynamics for ultra-quiet flight. Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory Technical Report, 1971, 71–75.
Bachmann T, Klan S, Baumgartner W, Klaas M, Schroder W, Wagner H. Morphometric characterisation of wing feathers of the barn owl Tyto alba pratincola and the pigeon Columba livia. Frontiers in Zoology, 2007, 4, 23.
Nachtigall W, Wedekind F, Dreher A. Hinweise auf Aerodynamische Rauhigkeitseffekte an Vogel-Flogelprofilen. Biona-report 3, Bird Flight–Vogelflug, 1985, 195–218. (in German)
Nachtigall W, Kempf B. Comparative studies on the function of the bastard wing (alula spuria) in the flight biology of birds. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 1971, 71, 326–341.
Meseguer J, Franchini S, Perez-Grande I, Sanz J L. On the aerodynamics of leading-edge high-lift devices of avian wings. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G, Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2005, 219, 63–68.
Nachtigall W, Klimbingat A. Messung der Flügelgeometrie mit der Profilkamm-Methode und geometrische Flügelkennzeichnung einheimischer Eulen. Biona-report 3, Bird Flight–Vogelflug, 1985, 45–86. (in German)
Biesel W, Butz H, Nachtigall W. Erste Messungen der Flügelgeometrie bei frei gleitfliegenden Haustauben (columbia livia var. domestica) unter Benutzung neu ausgearbeiteter Verfahren der Windkanaltechnik und der Stereophotogrammetrie. Biona-report 3, Bird Flight–Vogelflug, 1985, 139–160. (in German)
Liu T S, Kuykendoll K, Rhew R, Jones S. Avian wing geometry and kinematics. AIAA Paper, 2006, 44, 954–963.
Klan S, Bachmann T, Klaas M, Wagner H, Schroder W. Experimental analysis of the flow field over a novel owl based airfoil. Experiments in Fluids, 2009, 46, 975–989.
Burgmann S, Dannemann J, Schroder W. Time-resolved and volumetric PIV measurements of a transitional separation bubble on an SD7003 airfoil. Experiments in Fluids, 2008, 44, 609–622.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ge, C., Ren, L., Liang, P. et al. High-Lift Effect of Bionic Slat Based on Owl Wing. J Bionic Eng 10, 456–463 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-6529(13)60243-7
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-6529(13)60243-7