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Nitrogen Pollution Originating from Wastewater and Agriculture: Advances in Treatment and Management

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Abstract

Nitrogen pollution in the environment has become a global concern. Being multidimensional and complex, nitrogen pollution requires a comprehensive package of efforts for its effective management. This article reviews the existing technologies for the treatment and management of nitrogen pollution, water soluble or gaseous, originating from wastewater and agriculture. In the wastewater section, technologies for the wastewater treatment as well as the recovery of nitrogen are reviewed, including physico-chemical and biological techniques. Hybrid treatments could combine the strengths of these strategies to enhance nitrogen removal in wastewater. Moreover, the use of solid wastes to develop efficient adsorbents for nitrogen recovery from wastewater and their subsequent valorization in agricultural soils can be highly rewarding. The agriculture-associated nitrogen pollution can be addressed by the effective management of nitrogenous fertilizers, soils, and crops and the adoption of conservation agriculture practices. It is crucial to improve nitrogen use efficiency in crop production to tackle the challenges of climate change, food security, and environmental degradation. The breeding of crop genotypes possessing an improved nitrogen efficiency and engineering the legume symbiosis can be quite helpful for this. Future research directions have been recognized to foster the research into sustainable management of nitrogen. Collaborative efforts and a comprehensive understanding of existing knowledge of these techniques are required to upscale these techniques for field-scale applications. By presenting a detailed overview of strategies for nitrogen treatment and management in wastewater and agriculture, this article intends to enable a better understanding on this theme.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

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Funding

M. Usman gratefully acknowledges the OmanTel research Grant (EG/SQU-OT/21/05) for supporting this work. M. Sanaullah acknowledges the funding from the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) in context of the “South Asian Nitrogen Hub.” S. Li is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42007294).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PEIE Research Chair for the Development of Industrial Estates and Free Zones, Center for Environmental Studies and Research, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Muscat, Oman

    Muhammad Usman

  2. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Muhammad Sanaullah

  3. Department of Plant Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Muscat, Oman

    Aman Ullah & Muhammad Farooq

  4. Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China

    Shun Li

  5. Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315800, China

    Shun Li

Authors
  1. Muhammad Usman
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  2. Muhammad Sanaullah
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  3. Aman Ullah
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  4. Shun Li
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  5. Muhammad Farooq
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Contributions

MU contributed to conceptualization, writing of the original draft, and writing, reviewing, & editing of the manuscript. MS contributed to writing of the original draft and writing, reviewing, & editing of the manuscript. AU contributed to writing of the original draft and writing, reviewing, & editing of the manuscript. SL contributed to writing of the original draft and writing, reviewing, & editing of the manuscript. MF contributed to conceptualization, writing of the original draft, and writing, reviewing, & editing of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Muhammad Usman or Muhammad Farooq.

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Usman, M., Sanaullah, M., Ullah, A. et al. Nitrogen Pollution Originating from Wastewater and Agriculture: Advances in Treatment and Management. Reviews Env.Contamination (formerly:Residue Reviews) 260, 9 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44169-022-00010-0

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