Abstract
Carnosic acid possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Early evidence indicates that this phenolic diterpenoid protects the heart against myocardial infarction, although the mechanism is unknown. For this research, male rats were divided into four groups: the control group, the myocardial infarction group (85 mg/kg, isoproterenol on the 19th and 20th days of experiment), and myocardial infarction groups pretreated with 10 and 20 mg/kg/bw of carnosic acid for 21 days. Following animal sacrifice, serum cardiac markers, cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, and histological and molecular analysis were conducted. Pretreatment of carnosic acid to myocardial infarction–induced rats showed to reduce the ratio of cardiac weight/body weight ratio as well as the size of the infarction. Furthermore, serum cardiac biomarkers and lipid peroxidation were significantly reduced, but antioxidant enzymes were significantly increased in myocardial infarction–induced rats pretreated with carnosic acid. Carnosic acid significantly lowers cardiac inflammatory markers as well as improved histological abnormalities in isoproterenol-injected rats. Carnosic acid has been shown to efficiently reverse isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction by lowering infraction size and decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to HOD of the Department Cardiology, Hongze District People’s Hospital, for help in technical and instrumental support.
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RN carried out the animal experiments and wrote the manuscript first draft. XD carried out the qPCR, histopathology, and statistical analysis. QW carried out immunohistochemistry and preparation of figures. YG carried out experimental design, funding, and editing the manuscript. All authors have contributed to the writing of the manuscript and approved the final submission.
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Ning, R., Deng, X., Wang, Q. et al. Carnosic Acid Protects Against Myocardial Infarction by Controlling Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 31, 794–804 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43450-021-00216-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43450-021-00216-8