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Microwave-assisted synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoflakes via green chemistry approach using Ficus Racemosa leaf extract: characterization and antibacterial activity

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Abstract

Global development of nanostructured bioceramics with enhanced functionalities has provided an insight into orthopedic, dental, and other biomedical applications. The present work reports a cost-effective and eco-friendly method for the green synthesis of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoflakes (NFs) using Ficus Racemosa leaf extract. The NFs were subjected to different characterization techniques like X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible, and photoluminescence spectroscopy to detect their structural, physical, chemical, and elemental characteristics. The powder X-ray diffraction of MgO NFs revealed the single phase with an average crystallite size of 24 nm. The Williamson–Hall plot also confirmed the crystallite size as 28 nm, nearly the same as obtained through Debye–Scherrer (24 nm) formula. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed the flake-like structure with an average thickness of 3 nm, and the average length was depicted as 280 nm. The ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra of MgO NFs showed a maximum wavelength of around 275 nm, and photoluminescence spectroscopy was used to observe the fluorescent properties. The antibacterial activity of MgO NFs against both S. aureus and E. coli bacteria demonstrated a significant reaction, making it a promising agent for several biomedical applications.

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Acknowledgements

The research was jointly supported by the Department of Applied Sciences, IIIT Allahabad, Prayagraj, and Department of Applied Mechanics, MNNIT Allahabad, Prayagraj. The authors are thankful to CytoGene Research and Development for providing the standard biological assay. The authors also wish to thank IIIT Allahabad, Prayagraj, MNNIT Allahabad, Prayagraj, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, BBAU, Lucknow, and Scientium Analyze Solutions, Jaipur, for providing the material characterization facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211012, India

    Shagun Varshney & Nidhi Mishra

  2. Department of Applied Mechanics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, India

    Abhishek Nigam & S. J. Pawar

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  1. Shagun Varshney
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Correspondence to Nidhi Mishra.

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Varshney, S., Nigam, A., Mishra, N. et al. Microwave-assisted synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoflakes via green chemistry approach using Ficus Racemosa leaf extract: characterization and antibacterial activity. J. Korean Ceram. Soc. 60, 62–74 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43207-022-00236-7

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