Abstract
In the current study, for finding the optimum GAS process conditions, the liquid-phase volume expansion and process conditions were evaluated for the binary [carbon dioxide (CO2)-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)] and ternary [CO2-DMSO-Capecitabine (CPT)] systems, respectively. To this end, CO2, DMSO, and CPT were considered as the anti-solvent gas, organic solvent, and solute, respectively. The minimum GAS operational pressure (Pmin) for precipitation of CPT nanoparticles in the (CO2-DMSO-CPT) system was calculated by Peng-Robinson (PR-EoS) and Soave-Redlich Kowang (SRK-EoS) with conventional quadratic mixing rules (vdW2). The obtained Pmin values according to PR-EoS and SRK-EoS at 308, 318, 328 and 338 K were 7.80, 8.57, 9.78 and 10.46 MPa, and 7.27, 7.61, 7.95 and 8.13 MPa, respectively. Also, the mole fraction of CO2, DMSO and CPT in the liquid phase was determined at mentioned temperatures, using PR-EoS. For validation of these models, the Pmin values for the [CO2-DMSO-Ampicillin (AMP)] system was calculated at 308, 318, 328 and 338 K by both of models (PR-EoS and SRK-EoS) and compared with obtained results by Ghoreishi et al. for this ternary system. The computed Pmin values for precipitation of AMP nanoparticles in the (CO2-DMSO-AMP) system in this work were well in agreement with reported values in the literature.
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Abbreviations
- PR :
-
Peng-Robinson EoS
- SRK :
-
Soave-Redlich Kowang EoS
- α(T) :
-
Energy parameter of Peng Robinson EoS (Nm4 mol−2)
- b :
-
Volume parameter of Peng Robinson EoS (m3 mol−1)
- y i :
-
Mole fraction of component i in vapor phase
- x i :
-
Mole fraction of component i in liquid phase
- k ij :
-
Binary interaction parameters in the mixing rules
- l ij :
-
Binary interaction parameters in the mixing rules
- P :
-
Pressure (Pa)
- T :
-
Temperature (K)
- R :
-
Gas constant (Jmol−1 K−1)
- ν :
-
Molar volume of the phase (m3 mol−1)
- α(T r , ω) :
-
Temperature-dependent function for the considered parameter of Peng Robinson and SRK EoS
- φ :
-
Fugacity coefficient
- ω :
-
Acentric factor
- Δ:
-
Property change
- 1 :
-
Antisolvent
- 2 :
-
Solvent
- 3 :
-
Solute
- 0 :
-
Reference pressure
- c :
-
Critical property
- i :
-
Species i
- l :
-
Liquid
- v :
-
Vapor
- s :
-
Solid
- tp :
-
Triple point
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Authors would like to thank the Islamic Azad University, Robat Karim Branch and Materials and Energy Research Center, for their cooperation.
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Amani, M., Saadati Ardestani, N. Investigation the phase equilibrium behavior in ternary system (CO2, DMSO, Capecitabine as anticancer drug) for precipitation of CPT Nanoparticle via the gas antisolvent supercritical process (GAS). Braz. J. Chem. Eng. 39, 857–868 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43153-021-00185-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43153-021-00185-4