Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effects of nutrient solution application on ecophysiological characteristics of Handroanthus serratifolius and Handroanthus impetiginosus cultivated in iron mine tailings. Sixty-day-old seedlings of both species were transplanted into mine tailings maintained at maximum water-holding capacity. Hoagland and Arnon’s nutrient solution was applied fortnightly as one of the treatments, and the height of the seedlings was measured weekly. At the end of the 60-day-long experiment nutrient content, growth, gas exchange, and leaf anatomy were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme, with two species and two nutrient conditions, i.e., with nutrient solution (NS +) and without nutrient solution (NS −), with 7 replicates (n = 28). Mine tailings contained significant contents of macronutrients (N, S, Mg, P, K, and Ca), micronutrients (Fe, B, Mo, Na, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Mn), and potentially toxic elements (Cr, Pb, Cd, and Al) that were absorbed by Handroanthus seedlings. The NS + treatment increased the dry mass and the photosynthesis of H. impetiginosus alone, compared to H. serratifolius. NS + treatment reduced H. serratifolius stomatal conductance but had no effect on H. impetiginosus. Adding nutrient solution did not appreciably change the water use efficiency of either species. The diameter of the xylem vessels decreased as plant nutrient availability increased. The increase in H. impetiginosus growth is related to thicker photosynthetic tissue and a higher photosynthetic rate in mine tailings supplemented with nutrient solution. This Handroanthus species showed potential for reforestation of areas impacted by iron mine tailings, though the benefits from the application of nutrient solution will depend on the species.
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Data Availability
The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Fabricio José Pereira, upon request.
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Funding
The authors thank CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development)), CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel)) — Finance Code 001 to complete the present study, and FAPEMIG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (Minas Gerais State Research Foundation)) for the funding and research grants awarded to perform the present study.
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Each author contributed significantly to the final version of the work. A. L. M. S.: conceptualizing, designing, and performing the experiments; analyzing the data; curating the data; and writing the first draft of the manuscript. Y. C. C.: performing the experiments, analyzing the data, and writing the manuscript. V. P. D.: performing the experiments, analyzing the data, and writing the manuscript. E. M. C.: acquiring resources, analyzing the data, and writing the manuscript. M. P.: acquiring resources, analyzing the data, and writing the manuscript. J. P. V. O.: performing the experiments, analyzing the data, and writing the manuscript. F. J. P.: advising the first author, conceptualizing, acquiring resources, designing and running the experiments, analyzing the data, curating the data, administering the project, and writing the manuscript.
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Scarpa, A.L.M., da Cunha Cruz, Y., Duarte, V.P. et al. Growth Response, Gas Exchange, and Leaf Anatomy of Handroanthus spp. Seedlings in Mine Tailings Enriched with Nutrient Solution. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 22, 3774–3787 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00926-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00926-5