Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken with objectives of studying the effect of phosphorus and biofertilizer treatments on symbiotic parameters, productivity and profitability of kabuli chickpea. The field experiment was conducted during 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 with five phosphorus levels (0, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg P2O5 ha−1) and three biofertilizer treatments (uninoculated control, Mesorhizobium + RB-1 [Pseudomonas argentinensis] and Mesorhizobium + PSB-18 [Bacillus cereus]). Biofertilizers were used for inoculation of seed prior to sowing. Chlorophyll content index, number of nodules, nodule dry weight, leghaemoglobin content and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in shoot were recorded the highest with application of 50 kg P2O5 ha−1. The highest grain yield (2059 and 2196 kg ha−1 in 2017–2018 and 2018–2019, respectively) was obtained with the application of 50 kg P2O5 ha−1 which was statistically at par with 40 kg P2O5 ha−1 (2045 and 2183 kg ha−1). However, the highest net returns and benefit-cost ratio were obtained with the application of 40 kg P2O5 ha−1. Inoculations with Mesorhizobium + RB-1 and Mesorhizobium + PSB-18 proved superior over uninoculated control with respect to all parameters studied. Mesorhizobium + RB-1 and Mesorhizobium + PSB-18 enhanced the grain yield by 15.33 and 15.52% in 2017–2018 and by 13.82 and 14.27% in 2018–2019, respectively, over uninoculated control. For obtaining high productivity and net returns of kabuli chickpea, 40 kg P2O5 ha−1 and seed inoculation with Mesorhizobium + RB-1 (Pseudomonas argentinensis) or Mesorhizobium + PSB-18 (Bacillus cereus) are found to be the most efficient.
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28 August 2020
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Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, for providing the facilities for conducting these studies.
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This study was funded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India (ICAR-7).
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The original version of this article was revised: On the fourth page of the article, in equation on B:C ratio, $ symbol was missing in the denominator. On the tenth page of the artice, under 3.8 Economic Analysis, in the 6th line, the citation “(Table 9).” between ”fertilizer” and “The highest”. On the thirteenth page of the article, in the paragraph that begins with “The increase in grain yield” “Table 4” should have read “Table 5” and “Table 5” should have read “Table 4”. On the thirteenth page of the artice, under 4.2 Effect of Phosphorus, in the last sentence of the first paragraph, a space belonged between 60 and DAS and between 90 and DAS. On the fourteenth page of the article, an erroneous Table 10 was presented that repeated the data given in Table 9 in the article.
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Kaur, D., Singh, G. & Sharma, P. Symbiotic Parameters, Productivity and Profitability in Kabuli Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) as Influenced by Application of Phosphorus and Biofertilizers. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 20, 2267–2282 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00293-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00293-z