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Main Eucalyptus pests and their associated parasitoids with a focus on Madagascar and the Mascarene islands

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Abstract

Eucalyptus species are widely planted for their rapid growth, high timber and commercial cellulose fiber. Several Eucalyptus pests have spread around the world, generally without their natural enemies. The present study was carried out on Madagascar and the Mascarene islands (Mauritius and Reunion), located in the southwestern Indian Ocean, on new eucalypt pests, their natural enemies and the infestation levels of the main pests Glycaspis brimblecombei, Leptocybe invasa and Ophelimus maskelli. By combining morphological and molecular identifications, we newly reported Blastopsylla occidentalis, Closterocerus chamaeleon and the genus Psyllaephagus on the three islands; Aprostocetus spp., Ctenarytaina eucalypti, O. maskelli, Quadrastichodella nova and Quadrastichus mendeli on Reunion; Megastigmus zebrinus on Madagascar; and the genus Aprostocetus on Mauritius. We also confirmed the presence of G. brimblecombei, L. invasa and Thaumastocoris peregrinus on all three islands, O. maskelli on Madagascar and Mauritius and Q. mendeli on Mauritius. Through a thorough review of the literature, we investigated Eucalyptus pests, their associated parasitoids and the damage they can cause. On the Madagascar and Mascarene islands, we highlighted the presence of the C. chamaeleon and Psyllaephagus genera, the natural enemies of O. maskelli and Psyllidae species, respectively. Moreover, the high population level of L. invasa seems to affect the survival of Eucalyptus in Madagascar. Leptocybe invasa appears to be regulated by Q. mendeli in Mascarene but not in Madagascar. Given the damage caused by L. invasa to malagasy Eucalyptus, introducing Q. mendeli could be considered a means of biological control in Madagascar.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to sincerely thank D. Ouvrard (Entomology and Invasive Plants unit in ANSES) and A. Roques (Zoologie Forestière unit in INRA) for morphological identification of psyllid species and Megastigmus species, respectively. We thank S. Nibouche (UMR PVBMT, CIRAD) and M. Gauche (UMR PVBMT, Université de La Réunion) for their help in inserting specimens into the reference collection. We also thank A. Doizy (UMR PVBMT, CIRAD) for her help with some figures. The agricultural school Emile Boyer de la Giroday gave us access to field sites. We acknowledge the advice provided by the colleagues working on Eucalyptus on Madagascar J.P. Bouillet and J.M. Bouvet (dP Forêt et Biodiversité, CIRAD).

Funding

Interreg, European Regional Development Fund, Conseil Régional de La Réunion.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France

    Maëva Vinot, François Hervy, Hélène Delatte & Bernard Reynaud

  2. UMR PVBMT, Université de La Réunion, F-97410, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France

    Maëva Vinot, Joëlle Sadeyen, Yann Gomard & Bernard Reynaud

  3. FOFIFA, Agronomic Research Department, 101, Ambatobe, Antananarivo, Madagascar

    François Hervy & Andrianantenaina Razafindrakotomamonjy

  4. Ministry of Agro Industry and Food Security, Entomology Division, Reduit, Republic of Mauritius

    Preeaduth Sookar

  5. University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

    Alana Mc Clelland

  6. CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar

    Hélène Delatte

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Vinot, M., Hervy, F., Sadeyen, J. et al. Main Eucalyptus pests and their associated parasitoids with a focus on Madagascar and the Mascarene islands. Int J Trop Insect Sci 43, 2263–2285 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-023-01130-3

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