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Distribution and toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) strains from different crop rhizosphere in Indo-Gangetic plains against polyphagous lepidopteran pests

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Abstract

Rhizobacterial diversity is an indicator of soil health and in turn it is influenced by the host crops, edaphic factors and weather. The present investigation reports the diversity of endospore forming, gram positive rhizobacteria (Bacillus megaterium, B. thuringiensis, B. cereus and Lysinibacillus spp.) inhabiting 11 different agricultural crops in the IGP of India. Twelve Bacillus thuringensis (Bt) isolates were identified by screening 62 g positive bacterial isolates from 63 rhizosperic soil samples collected from 6 districts of IGP. The highest Bt index was recorded from Bhopal (0.25) followed by Fatehpur (0.17), Kanpur dehat (0.10), Jalaun (0.08) and Hamirpur (0.06). The bacterial isolates were characterized based on the 16SrRNA gene and phylogenetically grouped into 3 clades. The spore crystal mixture of 12 Bt isolates were subjected to insect bioassay and it revealed, F8.IIPR has highest toxicity against Spilosoma obliqua Walker (100%), Olepa ricini Fabricius (91.67%) and Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (100%) larva. Survival analysis (ST50) showed that the S. obliqua is highly susceptible than O. ricini and H. armigera to F8.IIPR. Crystal staining and protein profiling showed the presence of cry 1 (135 kDa) and cry 2 (65 kDa) genes in 5 Bt isolates. PCR amplification of vip3A gene confirmed its presence in five Bt isolates. To conclude F8.IIPR and Ak2.IIPR has the potential as a promising biopesticide for controlling the three lepidopteran insects tested.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India

    G. K. Sujayanand, Mohd Akram, Ashish Nigam, Jyotirmay Dubey & Krishna Kumar

  2. Division of Plant Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India

    G. K. Sujayanand & Aravind Konda

  3. Division of Social Science, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India

    Shripad Bhat

  4. Pandit Deen Dayal, Upadhyay College of Horticulture and Forestry, Dr. RPCAU, Bihar, 843121, Muzaffarpur, India

    Krishna Kumar

  5. Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, 695017, India

    Senthilkumar K. Muthusamy

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  1. G. K. Sujayanand
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  2. Mohd Akram
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  3. Aravind Konda
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  4. Ashish Nigam
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  5. Shripad Bhat
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  6. Jyotirmay Dubey
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  7. Krishna Kumar
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  8. Senthilkumar K. Muthusamy
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. K. Sujayanand.

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Hereby, I Dr. Sujayanand, G.K., consciously assure that for the manuscript “Distribution and toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) strains from different crop rhizosphere in Indo-Gangetic plains against polyphagous lepidopteran pest” following is fulfilled,

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    This material is our own original work, which has not been previously published elsewhere.

  2. ii.

    This is to certify that there is no potential conflict of interest in the research work articles.

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    This is to certify that there is no human or animal were harmed in this research work.

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    This is to certify that pre-informed consent were obtained from all co-authors.

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Sujayanand, G.K., Akram, M., Konda, A. et al. Distribution and toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) strains from different crop rhizosphere in Indo-Gangetic plains against polyphagous lepidopteran pests. Int J Trop Insect Sci 41, 2713–2731 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-021-00451-5

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