Abstract
This study investigated the potential of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.) for removal of copper, iron and mercury (Cu2+, Fe3+ and Hg2+) from their aqueous solution amended at different concentration (5, 10 and 15 mg L−1). The different plant growth attributes viz., fresh plant biomass, total chlorophyll content, kinetic plant growth rate and plant root size were estimated. The results showed that the highest removal of selected metals (Cu2+: 53.20%, Fe3+: 83.20% and Hg2+: 62.14%) was observed in 5 mg L−1 treatment. The fresh plant biomass (Cu2+: 45.57; Fe3+ 90.82 and Hg2+ 47.27 g), chlorophyll content (Cu2+: 2.99 ± 0.03; Fe3+ 4.26 ± 0.06 and Hg2+ 3.02 ± 0.03 mg g−1 fwt), kinetic growth rate (Cu2+: 0.0004; Fe3+ 0.0011 and Hg2+ 0.0006 gg−1day−1) and plant root size (Cu2+: 12.28; Fe3+ 16.54 and Hg2+ 12.86 cm) were maximum in 5 mg L−1 treatment. The translocation factor of Cu2+, Fe3+ and Hg2+) was also < 1 in 5 mg L−1 treatment. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed that the contents of Cu2+ and Hg2+ were statistically significant (P < 0.05) while Fe3+ was not significant (P > 0.05) in the plant tissues. This study suggested that the most efficient remediation of Cu2+, Fe3+ and Hg2+ and the maximum growth of P. stratiotes can be achieved at 5 mg L−1.
Article Highlights
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This study investigated the phytoremediation of copper, iron and mercury from aqueous solution by water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.) amended at different concentrations.
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The different plant growth attributes of P. stratiotes were estimated.
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Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the contents of copper and mercury were affected by dose while iron was not.
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This research work is helpful to treat synthetic and industrial wastewaters having copper, iron and mercury by P. stratiotes.
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This research was supported by the Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya Haridwar-249404 (Uttarakhand), India.
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Kumar, V., Singh, J., Saini, A. et al. Phytoremediation of copper, iron and mercury from aqueous solution by water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.). Environmental Sustainability 2, 55–65 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-019-00050-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-019-00050-8