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rGO Embedded PbS/NiO Hybrid Nanocomposite for Effective Dye Deactivation Against Methyl Violet and Growth Inhibition Against B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa Bacteria

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Abstract

In recent decades, global energy concern had shifted to find alternate energy resources for fossil fuels and develop ecological energy storage devices. Food, paper and leather industries cause water pollution which should be degraded properly. Pathogen contamination is also a serious issue for almost all sorts of ambient water bodies that can be fatal to human beings. To cope with all these issues, new nanocomposites are utilized. One such composite has been synthesized in this work. Using Centella asiatica leaf extract, a ternary photocatalyst of PbS/NiO (PN) heterojunction decorated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was fabricated. This study compared the electrochemical, photocatalytic, and antibacterial properties of the rGO-PbS/NiO (rPN) nanocomposite (NC) with those of the PN NC synthesized by chemical precipitation method. NiO and PbS show cubic structured peaks from XRD patterns. EDS spectrum of rGO-PbS/NiO NC reveals Pb, S, Ni, O, and C. PN and rPN composites had Eg values of 2.31 and 2.27 eV, respectively. The increased PL intensity observed for the rPN composite may result from passivation of surface vacancies and non-radiative recombination sites. The Raman spectrum of rPN has bands associated with Pb–S, Ni–O, and rGO. The stacking of rGO provides less hindered paths for the adsorption of methyl violet dye and thus improves the degradation efficiency of the PN catalyst from 85 to 95%. Higher degradation rate constant value (0.0386 min−1) observed for the rPN catalyst compared to that of the PN catalyst (0.0197 min−1) confirmed its higher degradation capability. The rGO-PbS/NiO NC exhibited better electrochemical and antibacterial properties. A ternary composite involving rGO and PbS/NiO is very scarce and the results obtained in this work will attract researchers working with rGO embedded systems.

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Acknowledgements

Mr. Vincent of St. Joseph’s College, Trichy conducted an excellent CV study for us.

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  1. Physics Department, AVVM Sri Pushpam College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli), Poondi, Thanjavur, India

    C. Rajashree, A. R. Balu, S. Chitra Devi, M. Sriramraj, K. Devendran & S. Adityan

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Contributions

Conceptualization: ARB; Methodology: CR; Formal analysis and investigation: SA, MS; Writing: original draft preparation: SCD; Writing: review and editing: ARB; Funding acquisition: KD. Interpretation of data: CR. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to A. R. Balu.

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Rajashree, C., Balu, A.R., Devi, S.C. et al. rGO Embedded PbS/NiO Hybrid Nanocomposite for Effective Dye Deactivation Against Methyl Violet and Growth Inhibition Against B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa Bacteria. Chemistry Africa 7, 1453–1465 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-023-00850-w

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