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Hydroxylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urines of Commercial Motorcyclists in Southern Part of Nigeria

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Abstract

The presence of hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) in urine has been used to assess the exposure, metabolic activation, and risks of these carcinogens. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating the concentration and risk of OH-PAHs among commercial motorcyclists in southern, Nigeria. Urine samples were collected early in the morning from forty volunteer commercial cyclists who participated in this study. The OH-PAHs were quantified in the urines using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after hydrolysis. Result showed that ∑8 OH-PAHs varied significantly, ranging from 0.04 to 24.48 ng mL− 1 for all the urine samples collected. The occurrence pattern follows the order: 3-OHFlu > 1-OHPhen > 2-OHNap > 2-OHFlu > 1-OHNap > 3-OHPhen > 4-OHPhen > 1-OHPyr. There was no significant variation of OH-PAHs with personal factors such as smoking, age and years of working. However, the hazard index (HI) values for the OH-PAHs were above 1 and indicated that there is adverse non-carcinogenic risk for the commercial motorcyclists. The use of personal protective equipment is therefore encouraged among commercial motorcyclists.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Africa, Toru-Orua, Nigeria

    Godswill Okeoghene Tesi

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Otuoke, Nigeria

    Enyohwo D. Kpomah

  3. Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

    Jude Chinedu Ossai

  4. Department of Biochemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

    Augustine Apiamu

  5. Department of Pharmacology, University of Port-Harcourt, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria

    Orji J. Orji

  6. Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

    Daniel I. Olorunfemi

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  1. Godswill Okeoghene Tesi
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Correspondence to Godswill Okeoghene Tesi.

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Tesi, G.O., Kpomah, E.D., Ossai, J.C. et al. Hydroxylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urines of Commercial Motorcyclists in Southern Part of Nigeria. Chemistry Africa 6, 3145–3152 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-023-00702-7

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