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Distribution, Speciation and Bioavailability of Nutrients in M’Badon Bay of Ebrie Lagoon, West Africa (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Abstract

Rapid economic development and rampant urbanization are accelerating the eutrophication of coastal environments. This is the case of the bay of M’Badon in Côte d'Ivoire, located in an area not far from an open dump, which is under strong anthropogenic pressure. However, no data is available on nitrogen and phosphorus distribution in the water column and sediments of the M’Badon bay. This study not only targets the distribution of phosphorus and nitrogen, but also the speciation of phosphorus in sediments in order to assess its bioavailability. In order to do this, the waters of the bay of M’Badon were analyzed with a spectrophotometer and the speciation of phosphorus in the sediments was made according to the method of Williams. The results showed that PO43−, TP, NO3−, NO2− and TN concentrations in the water column varied significantly among the seasons. While, that of NH4+ did not vary between the seasons. In the water column, inorganic phosphorus (0.94 ± 0.12 mg L−1) is high and represents 65.3% of the TP. In addition, inorganic nitrogen concentration (0.33 ± 0.14 mg L−1) was low and organic nitrogen constituted 85% of TN in the water column. The results also indicated that Fe–P concentration (522.8 ± 233.4 μg g−1) represented the highest fraction of phosphorus in sediments with a percentage of 59.5%. Potential bioavailable P accounted for an average of 95.4% of TP in sediments. So, M’badon bay is an important reservoir of bioavailable phosphorus which might accentuate the eutrophication during several decades in the bay.

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Data Availability

The dataset used during this study is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to the Director of Centre de Recherches Océanologiques for facilitating the field and laboratory work. Thanks to the reviewers whose criticism and contribution improved this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departement de Chimie, Laboratoire de Constitution et de Réaction de la Matière, Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY, 22 BP 582, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

    Koffi Martin N’Goran & Albert Trokourey

  2. Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu, UFR-SFA, Université NANGUI ABROGOUA, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire

    Maley-Pacôme Soro

  3. Département de Mathématiques Physique Chimie, UFR Sciences Biologiques, Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY, BP 1328, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire

    N’guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi

  4. Centre de Recherches Océanologiques (CRO), 29, Rue des Pêcheurs, BP V18, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

    Koffi Marcellin Yao

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  1. Koffi Martin N’Goran
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N’Goran, K.M., Soro, MP., Kouassi, N.L.B. et al. Distribution, Speciation and Bioavailability of Nutrients in M’Badon Bay of Ebrie Lagoon, West Africa (Côte d’Ivoire). Chemistry Africa 6, 1619–1632 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-023-00590-x

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